Note: Respond To All Questions From Part A To C A. Why is the shape of a protein

Question

Note: Respond To All Questions From Part A To C

A. Why is the shape of a protein important? What sorts of things does a protein do that enable it to carry out its function? What are the possible effects that a single nucleotide mutation in the gene encoding your protein might have on the fold? What effect would this have on the function? Why do you think some proteins can spontaneously fold into their active conformation while others require chaperones to do so? If the joining together of 2 amino acids a dehydration reaction or a hydrolysis reaction? Demonstrate your point by showing where the water molecule comes from or goes to B. C.

Explanation / Answer

Ans A) The shape of the protein is very important to help it maintain its function. The shape of protein is important as it helps in determining the function performed by the protein. Depending on the shape of the proteins, its characteristics also changes. On changing its shape, its function, character etc. all changes and it also allows it to participate in chemical reaction. The sequence of the amino acid in the protein helps in determining its shape and ultimately its function. A lot of proteins perform their function by binding to other molecules. Most of the proteins perform their function with help of enzymes. Point mutations are those where there is a change in one single nucleotide of the protein and this changes the complete amino acid sequence of the protein. This leads to change in the codon structure of the protein due to point amino acid mutations. It changes the reading frame and sometimes leads to malicious effect. It might at times leads to pre-mature release of the mRNA. The point mutations are those when one nucleotide is replaced by other and it might lead to change in gene expression. The entire peptide may change by simply altering the nucleotide. At times it might also lead to increased ability of natural selection. On changing of a single nucleotide it might lead to complete phenotypic and genotypic change in the function.

Ans B) Not all proteins require chaperons for their folding as some undergo the process of protein folding to form the compact structure. The chaperones are proteins which helps the proteins in assembly or disassembly of their structure and hence help with protein folding. The most important function done by chaperones is preventing the polypeptide chains and assembled subunits from forming non-functional structures. Chaperones are mostly required for folding of those proteins that are unstable.

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