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prove that P2, the vector space of all real polynomials of degree at most 2, is

ID: 1892237 • Letter: P

Question

prove that P2, the vector space of all real polynomials of degree at most 2, is isomorphic to R3, the vector space of all real column vectors of length 3

Explanation / Answer

Define f : R3 -> P2 by f(a,b,c) = a + bx + cx^2 We must show f is bijective and homomorphic. Assume f(a,b,c) = f(d,e,f). Then a + bx + cx^2 = d + ex + fx^2 => (a-d) + (b-e)x + (c-f)x^2 = 0 Thus a-d = 0 => a = d b-e = 0 => b = e c-f = 0 => c = f Hence (a,b,c) = (d,e,f) and f is injective. Let z be in P2. Then z = m + nx + px^2 for some m,n,p. Thus f(m,n,p) = z. Therefore f is surjective (and thus bijective). Now consider f((a,b,c)+(d,e,f)) = f(a+d,b+e,c+f) = (a+d) + (b+e)x + (c+f)x^2 = (a + bx + cx^2) + (d + ex + fx^2) = f(a,b,c) + f(d,e,f) Therefore f is a homomorphism. So we have shown f is a bijection and a homomorphism. Therefore the two spaces are isomorphic :D