Phylogeny reconstruction- Caminalcules 1) The lizard is more closely related to

Question

Phylogeny reconstruction- Caminalcules 1) The lizard is more closely related to the outgroup than either is to the dolphin. 2) The platypus and the human are more closely related to each other than either is to the lizard. 3) The human and the dolphin are more closely related to each other than either is to the platypus. 4) The common ancestor of amniotes produced milk. Not all states in our character matrix are helpful for phylogeny reconstruction. If we were trying to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between lizards, platypi, dolphins, and humans which of our characters would be helpful, and which would not? Explain your reasoning. Now, let's try reconstructing the amniote phylogeny from our character matrix. Without referring to Fig. 1, can we arrive at the same phylogenetic relationships using only our character data? We will infer phylogeny by clustering together the species that have the greatest number of shared derived features. For example, the platypus and dolphin share three features that are derived relative to the outgroup: amniotic sac, milk secretion, and homeothermy. Complete the following table comparing the number of shared derived character traits in our amniote species:

Explanation / Answer

1. can say that lizard is more closely related to the earth group as compared to Dolphin or any other distance organisms because they have lot of characters dissimilarities as compared to similarities. for example lizard shows more similarity to snacks is compared to Turtles.

The differences in the characters of 2 organisms or species directly depends upon the distance in cladogram.

2. yes human and its closely related group are more similar in most of characters then lizard. In cladogram you can see the distance between lizard and humans.

3.Yes Yuvan shows more similarities to nearby flats as compared to the distal clads different species likes aves, reptiles etc.

4.No,

You can see in cladogram that common ancestor of ammniota does not produce milk and does not secrete milk. But in group mammals milk secretion occurs so we can say Milk secretion is a character of normal group.

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