some strains of the Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes,
ID: 190125 • Letter: S
Question
some strains of the Beta Hemolytic Group A Streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, that cause Strep Throat/Scarlet Fever lead to a Type III autoimmune disease known as Immune Complex Disease. In these instances, antigen-antibody complexes can lodge in the glomerular apparatus of the patient's kidneys effecting a glomerulonephritis. Can you identify and discuss why this damage occurs? What classes of immunoglobulins are involved, and what other factor(s) (humoral and/or cellular) do you think play a role in this autoimmune reaction taking place in the host suffering from this sequela disease phenomenon (i.e., a condition following and resulting from a primary disease condition)?
Explanation / Answer
Type III autoimmune disease or Immune Complex Disease occur due to overproduction of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM to a foreign or selfantigen can lead to the formation and deposition of excessive amounts of insoluble intermediatesized immune complexes.
- Intermediatesized immune complexes are difficult to remove by the process of phagocytosis.
Complement proteins bind to immune complexes as part of the normal physiological process.
During autoimmune type III reactions sustained complement–immune complex interaction leads to the production of activated complement components, responsible for the recruitment of phagocytes.
Cellmediated tissue damage occurs as part of type III autoimmune disease, involving activated basophils in the peripheral circulation and marginating neutrophils in the vascular and other tissues.
Fc receptors on the surface of granulocytes are important in inducing the immunecomplexmediated inflammationType III autoimmune reactions can manifest as acute or chronic reactions and can occur systemically or in specific tissues.
Self and foreign antigens can provoke type III autoimmune ractions.
Nonspecific immunosuppressive treatments are commonly used to treat type III hypersensitivity reactions.
sequela disease is an abnormal condition resulting from a previous disease. if same antigen enter second and multiple time,than Memory B-cell will response.and memory B-cell produce IgG imenoglobin.
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