1. What is a microorganism? 2. Briefly describe what is meant by \"aseptic cultu

Question

1. What is a microorganism? 2. Briefly describe what is meant by "aseptic culture technique" 3. How can you distinguish between bacterial, most fungal, and yeast colonies with the naked eye? 4. What are the main differences between viruses, bacteria, and fungi? 5. Why are antibiotics not available over the counter and why they must be consumed for a definite number of days even if the patient feels better? (Why do miracle drugs fail?) 6. What is the difference between antiseptic and antibacterial products that you can purchase from a pharmacy? THINKING CRITICALLY ABOUT YOUR EXPERIMENT In the next few pages, write about your experiment following the steps of the scientifie method (following the outline below). This section is available as an automated file on the Bio 102 blackboard web site. Use this to word-process your report, then print out a hard copy and submit it to your instructor on time

Explanation / Answer

1. An organism so small that its size is comes in the range of few point microns (mircometer) to 10 microns, in measurement , eg bacteria (0.1-10 microns). They are mainly unicellular.

2. Aseptic culture techniques are laboratory techniques that ensure proper sterile working enviornment in the lab so that there is no contamination of the laboratory culture as well as equipments by the microorganisms in the surrounding enviormental.

This include Laminar air flow chamber which has air flown into the work place through HEPA(high efficiency particulate air) filters which filter out particles from the air, as small as 0.3 microns. Autoclaving the glass wares and other containers and pipete tips plus surface setrilizing one's hands and the work place also ensures sterility.

3. bacterial colonies grow faster in nutrient abundant agar media compared to fungi and yeast and appear to be a dot ( tiny and creamy) on the agar plate and remain circular.

yeast cultures look like bacterial in colour and morphology, but they are bigger and slow growing.

fungal colonies take time to grow and they appear powdery and filamentous, and they spread all over.And they are mostly dark or yellow in colour

4. Viruses are Acellular, means they have only the genetic material (RNA or DNA) covered by a protein structure called capsid. while bacteria is a prokaryote, which has no double membrane bound organelles and has naked DNA. Fungi is a eukaryote which has double membrane bound organells like nucleus, mitochondria, golgi, ER etc and has its genetic material (DNA) protected inside the nucleus inthe form of chromosomes.

5. If it is available over the counter there is a high chance of people self medicating with it. This is dangerous. There is a high chance of antibiotic reisstant varities of pathogens this way. Also antibiotic overuse can wipe out normal gut microflora which is actually essential for our digestion and metabolism. Then there are side effects and allergies from these antibiotics which can be, only be made aware by a physician.

one needs to complete the course of medication even if he or she is feeling better because there is a chance that whole of the infection is not fully eliminated and some pathogens are still surviving, whose elimination can be made sure only by completing the course of antibiotics.

6. antiseptics are chemical agents that helps in antisepsis or killing and destroying harmful microbes like bacteria, yeast, fungus, virus, protozoan parasites etc. eg

Antibacterial as the name suggests destroys bacteria specifically.

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