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TUESDAY, January 7 2018-IN CLASs 33 An ionic bond b etween two atoms is formed a

ID: 191202 • Letter: T

Question

TUESDAY, January 7 2018-IN CLASs 33 An ionic bond b etween two atoms is formed as a result of the sharing of electrons. loss of electrons from both atoms. loss of a proton from one atom. transfer of electrons from one atom to the other. (a) (b) (c) (d) ertnastive forces between negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei the repulsive forces between the positively charged nuclei Which of the following factors do not influence the length of a covalent bond? 34 (a) the tendency of atoms to fill the outer electron shells (b) the (d the minimization of repulsive forces between the two nuclei by the cloud of shared electro 35 Double covalent bonds are both shorter and stronger than single covalent bonds, but they a limit the geometry of the molecule because they (a) create a new arrangement of electron shells. (b) change the reactivity of the bonded atoms. (e) limit the rotation of the bonded atoms. d) prevent additional bonds from being formed with the bonded atoms. Polar covalent bonds are formed when the electrons in the bond are not shared equally betwee 36 n the two nuclei. Which one of these molecules contains polar bonds? (a) molecular oxygen (b) methane (c) propane (d) water 7 Which combination of answers best completes the following statement: When atoms are h together by , they are typically referred to as (a) hydrogen bonds, molecules. (b) ionic interactions, salts. ionic interactions, molecules. (c) d) double bonds, nonpolar. 38 The pH of an aqueous solution is an indication of the concentration of available protons. However, you should not expect to find lone protons in solution; rather, the proton is adde a water molecule to form a(n) (a) hydroxide (b) ammonium (c) chloride (d) hydronium ion. Which of the following monomer building blocks is necessary to assemble selectively permeable boundaries around and inside cells? 9 (a) sugars (b) fatty acids (c) amino acids (d) nucleotides

Explanation / Answer

33 An ionic bond between two atoms is formed as a result of the

Answer option A

Atoms can gain, lose or share electrons with other atoms

Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anio

34 Which of the following factors do not influence the length of a covalent bond?

Answer option A

The tendency of atoms to fill the outer electrons shells

Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms. Atoms willcovalently bond with other atoms in order to gain more stability, which is gained by forming a fullelectron shell. By sharing their outer most (valence) electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electronshell and gain stability

35 Double covalent bonds are both shorter and stronger than single covalent bonds, but they also limit the geometry of the molecule because

Answer option C

Limit the rotation of the bonded atom

36 Polar covalent bonds are formed when the electrons in the bond are not shared equally between the two nuclei.Which one of these molecules contains polar bonds?

Answer option D

Water(H2O)water cantain the stronge polar bond

A water molecule, because of its shape, is a polar molecule. That is, it has one side that is positively charged and one side that is negatively charged. Themolecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The bonds between the atoms are called covalent bonds, because the atoms share electrons.

37 When atoms are held together by
___________ __________, they are typically referred to as _________.

Answer option B

ionic interactions, salts

Ionic Interactions: From Dilute Solutions to Fused Salts, Volume I: Equilibrium and Mass Transport is an effort to present a broad spectrum of approaches to the study of ionic systems and their interactions.

38 The pH of an aqueous solution is an indication of the concentration of available protons. However, you should not expect to find lone protons in solution; rather, the proton is added to a water molecule to form a(n)______________ ion.

Answer is option D

Hydronium

Water reacting with water to produce hydronium (and hydroxide) ions is commonly known as the self-ionization of water. The resulting hydronium ions are few and short-lived. pH is a measure of the relative activity of hydronium and hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions