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Table 2.1: Observed macromolecular census of an E. coli cell. (Data from F. C. N

ID: 191317 • Letter: T

Question

Table 2.1: Observed macromolecular census of an E. coli cell. (Data from F. C. Neidhardt et al., Physiology of the Bacterial Cel, Sinauer Associates, 1990 and M. Schaechter et al., Microbe, ASM Press, 2006.) Substance % of total dry weight Number of molecules Macromolecules Protein RNA 55.0 20.4 10.6 5.5 0.4 2.9 0.8 2.4 x 10 19,000 19,000 19,000 200,000 1,400 22 x 106 1.2 x 106 23S RNA 16S RNA SS RNA Transfer RNA (4S) Messenger RNA Phospholipid Lipopolysaccharide (outer membrane) DNA Murein (cell wall) Glycogen (sugar storage) Total macromolecules Small molecules 3.4 2.5 2.5 96.1 4,360 2.9 Metabolites, building blocks, etc. Inorganic ions Total small molecules 3.9

Explanation / Answer

Proteins contribute only a little part to osmotic pressure because a very less proportion of protein is in dissolved form and a major portion of protein is in membrane protein and undissolved in cytoplasm. But organic ions are mainly responsible for osmotic pressure.

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