# co Saline Cionidine FIGURE 8| Inhibition of cuntral NE reluaso by systemic clo
ID: 191657 • Letter: #
Question
# co Saline Cionidine FIGURE 8| Inhibition of cuntral NE reluaso by systemic clonidine and its offucts on sxpession of DRG P2X3 and dovlopmunt of amcathic machanical pair hypersensitivity in the CO rats A) s own g serum NE le els r CC n = 7 Rnd CO rats wih pre reatment of up. salieror dordne hs. 7 folowing 30 mn socantoractor. B C) showing r preser tat vo rmuotio tir g baros and auantarve analyGG of P2X3 c press on in the L4 L5 DRG nu ons o" e and C rats with pre-treatment of ip. salne or clonide samplen 3 for eaci group, however, eact sampe contains DRGs obtaned from at least 9 ratst. foilowing social riteraction. The reits valus dansty for tardes of P2x3 eceptors of 00 ats wue norra Led to that r Crate D showing itiotory effects of central NE eeusu by systemic cloncine on the devermert of enpathic Techan parhypersensitity salin.7-11 and dor dne, n . 7)sho ing utiects of 1 p dr o n 7 an haseline PWMT in the CC rats. CC, cagemate control: CO, cagemate chserver NE, norepinephine; PWMT paw wihdraw mechanical threshold (Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1984: Sara and Segal, 1991: Jodo ct al., 1998; Aston-Jones et al, 1999; Berridge and Waterhouse, 2003; Bouret and Sara, 2005; Sara, 2009; Sara and Bouret, 2012). The activated descending LC noradrenergic neurons drive the cholinergic sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal intermediolateral (IML) column. The IML cholinergic Actin 0.5 chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla, on one hand, and/or Veh NE 0.0 Veh NE the sympathetic ganglia, on the other hand consequently leading to elevation of the circulating NE and/or release of NE in the skin through sympathetic innervations. This upreguiaten the expresion of Px3 recpter (AB) showing apreenaepresumption can be supported by morphological evidence showing dense descending noradrenergic nerve fiber terminals (boutons) projected from the A6 (LC) and A5 areas of the pons to the spinal IML column, and getting close proximity to the cholinergic sympathetic preganglionic neurons FIGURE 7| Incuibation of acutely dissocisted DRG neurors with NE mmuncblotting bans and quatitaive analysis of the coxpression of P2x3 in acutely dissociated DRG neurons folowing inoubation with NE. The relative aue dersiy for bands af P2x3 traeted with NE was nomalized to the value ·P 006 v3. Veh. Data are opressoc as moon ± SEMExplanation / Answer
Figure 6
Clonidine is show suppressing action on pre-synaptic NE release through 2-adrenoceptor agonism, the effect of clonidine was investigated in the CO rats after witnessing a familiar in pain is shown in this figure. As Figure 6A, the level of serum NE was significantly increased in the CO rats receiving i.p pre-administration of saline (n= 6) relative to the CC rats (Saline CO vs. CC, P<0.05, n= 6 or 7). In the CO rats, serum NE was not significantly increased which received i.p. pre-administration of saline (n= 6) relative to the CC rats (Saline CO vs. CC, P<0.05, n= 6 or 7), In the CO rats, serum NE was not significantly increased which received i.p. pre-treatment of clonidine, relative to the CC (Clonidine CO vs. CC, P>0.05, n= 7 for each group). In the CO rats, the level of serum NE was significantly lowered with clonidine compared to those with saline (Clonidine vs. Saline, P<0.01, n= 6 or 7).
In Western blot, results showed that the expression level of P2X3 in the DRG was significantly increased in the CO rats receiving i.p. saline, relative to the CC rats (Saline CO vs. CC, P<0.01, n= 3 for each group). In the CO rats, P2X3 expression was not changed which received i.p. clonidine, relative to the CC (Clonidine CO vs. CC, P>0.05, n= 3 for each group; Figures 6B,C). In the CO rats, the level of P2X3 expression was significantly lowered with clonidine compared to those with saline (Clonidine vs. Saline, P<0.01, n= 3 for each group; Figures 6B,C).
In behavioral assays, the empathic mechanical hyperalgesia could be identified in the CO rats receiving i.p. saline (post- treatment vs. pre-treatment, P<0.001, n= 11 for both limbs), but not in those animals receiving i.p. clonidine (Post-treatment vs. pre-treatment, P>0.05, n= 7 for both limbs; Figure 6D). In the CC rats, treatment of clonidine did not change the baseline PWMT (n= 7, for both limbs; Figure 6E).
Figure 7
To confirm the effects of NE on the expression of P2X3, NE was performed with direct incubation of acutely dissociated L4-L5 DRGs. Incubation with NE could promote expression of P2X3 receptors in the DRGs relative to the vehicle control (NE vs. Veh, P<0.05, n= 3 for each group; Figure 7)
Incubation of acutely dissociated DRG neurons with NE upregulates the expression of P2X3 receptor. (fig 7A,B) showing representative immunoblotting bands and quantitative analysis of the expression of P2X3 in acutely dissociated DRG neurons following incubation with NE. The relative value density for bands of P2X3 treated with NE was normalized to the value of P2X3 treated with vehicle group.
NE, norepinephrine; Veh, vehicle.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.