5. Refer to the table below Skeletal muscle cell Liver cell Skin cell Hormone Gl

Question

5. Refer to the table below Skeletal muscle cell Liver cell Skin cell Hormone Glucagon Insulin Vasopressin Epinephrine No Yes No Yes es Yes Yes No No es es The table lists four hormones and the human cell types that respond to them (yes) or do not respond to them (no). What must be true about the cells listed in the table? All four cell types express receptors for all four hormones, but only liver cells actually respond to all of them through signal transduction pathways Skeletal muscle cells use fewer signal transduction pathways than liver or skin cells o only liver cells contain the genes that encode the receptor proteins for all tour hormones. The biological activities of liver and skin cells are not identical, but they share receptors to two of the same signaling molecules. Liver and skeletal muscle cells have different functions in the body and therefore do not express any of the same hormone receptors.

Explanation / Answer

Answer: Option C

Only liver cells have the genes that are responsible for encoding the receptor for the given hormones.

Any cell responds to a particular hormone when the receptor specific for that hormone is expressed by that cell. This is because with the presence of receptor, the hormone is able to bind and signal transduction pathway activates. This pathway is responsible for ensuring cell type-specific responses.

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