BIO 330-PS1 Spring 2018 13. A 65-kb region of DNA including the gene encoding th
ID: 194544 • Letter: B
Question
BIO 330-PS1 Spring 2018 13. A 65-kb region of DNA including the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA Polymerase is llustrated for each organism. In each case, the RNA pol encoding DNA is indicated in red Coding DNA for other nearby genes is indicated in green, intron DNA in purple, repeated DNA in yellow, and unique intergenic DNA in gray intergenetic sequences genes-introns -repeated sequences RNA polymeras e gene Eschericha cow (57 genes) Drosophila melanogester (9 geners) Human (2 genes) 10,000 20,000 number of base pairs a. How does the number of genes included in the 65-kb region change as the organism complexity increases? b. Which organisms appear to lack intron sequences in their genes? c. Label the exons of the RNA polymerase gene in D, melanogaster. d. What do you notice about the human RNA polymerase gene? sequences do you predict the ellow regions in the human sequence might be? Are they gene-related or non-gene related? What types of DNA sequences are used for identifying individuals for forensic analyses? Would these same sequences be useful for identifying ancestry f.Explanation / Answer
a. As the organisms complexity increases from E.coli to human, the number of genes get reduced. In E.coli the 65 Kb region includes 57 gene, in Sachharomyces cerevisiae there is 31 genes. Whereas, in Drosophila melanogaster it consists of 9 gene and in human it is 2 genes. As the organism becomes more complex, introns, repeated sequences get included into the genome as well as intergenetic sequences increases, which increases the length of the genes.
b. E.coli and Sachharomyces cerevisiae both lack inron in their genome.
c. In D. melanogastor, the RNA polymerase gene in included at gene no 2 in the genome.
d. Human RNA polymerase gene is present not like a continous stretch which is present in E.coli or Sachharomyces cerevisiae. Rather RNA polymerase genes are present as short sequences and in-between them short sequences of introns, repeated sequences and intergenetic sequenes.
e. The repeated sequences are gene regulated. They are present both in gene 1 and gene 2.
f. repeated sequences are used in identifying individuals in forensic analysis. Repeated sequences can be of different length and in forensic analysis short segments of repeated sequences are used. As this short tandem repeat sequences vary between individuals they can be used to identify ancestry.
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