Pre-lab Questions 1. What are the major differences between fermentation and res
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Pre-lab Questions 1. What are the major differences between fermentation and respiration? (20 pts) Why do we need different kinds of yeasts for different kinds of processes (for example making beer vs. making bread)? (20 pts) 2. 3. What determines the color of light used for photosynthesis and what determines the color of that particular photosynthetic organism? Can you give an example that is not in the lab manual? (20 pts) According to Table 1, which pigment is the most hydrophilic and which one is the most hydrophobic? Explain. (20 pts) 4.Explanation / Answer
1)
Differences between Respiration and Fermentation
2) Fermentation is the process of yeast converting sugars to carbondioxide and alcohol. There are different kinds of yeasts which belong to Saccharomyces family. All the yeasts donot have the same capasity to ferment sugars i.e..some yeasts ferment one sugar and some may ferment 2 suagrs etc.
In beer making the desired product is alcohol where as in bread the desired product is CO2. yeasts grow on wide variety of temperatures and also the procuction of esters depends on species of yeast.
3) Photosynthesis occurs in plants algae and bacteria. light is a form of electromagnetic energy that travells in wave form.
The percentage of light absorbed by plants in photosynthesis differs for the colour of the light. Red and violet light are on opposite ends on the visible light spectrum. Red light has the longest wavelength of 700nm whereas violet light has the shorter wavelength of 400nm. Red light also possesses the lower frequency while violet light possesses the higher frequency. White light is a mixture of all seven colours of the spectrum. As visible light passes through a prism the light is refracted, each light refracting at different degrees. Red light refracts the least whilst violet light refracts the most.
Light can also be absorbed by pigments. Different pigments absorb different wavelengths of light. The leaves of a plant are green because the chlorophyll within them absorb all other wavelengths of light and reflects green light. In the absorption spectrum it can be shown that red light and violet light are the most absorbed whereas green light is most commonly reflected. The colour of photosynthetic organisms depends on the capasity absorb light of a particular wave lenght and to refelect it.in cyanobacteria the chlorophyls present absorb wave lenght of the light for photosynthesis and appear green.
4) Most hydrophobic pigment is carotene -(red-orange - yellow).They absorb a light wave lenght between 460 nm to 550 nm. It absorbs a light of 453nm to 642 nm . they exist in lipid membranes of plants and completely fat soluble.
Most hydrophyllic pigment is Chlorophyll b -(green -yellow ).
RESPIRATION FERMENTATION Oxygen is used occurs in the absence of oxygen substrate is completely oxidised incomplete oxidation of substrate. Occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria Occurs in the cytoplasm Co2 and water are the end products Ethyl alcohol and Co2 are the end products high amount of ATP is produced(36 ATP in aerobic respiration) Only 2 molecules of ATP producedRelated Questions
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