1. Substance’s Effect: Increases the number of free hydrogen ions or protons (H+
ID: 19616 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Substance’s Effect: Increases the number of free hydrogen ions or protons (H+) in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria (between the outer and inner membranes).• Classification: Potentially effective in promoting weight loss or weight gain?
• Explanation for effect:
2. Substance’s Effect: Partially blocks the pyruvate transporter, interfering with the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria.
• Classification: Potentially effective in promoting weight loss or weight gain?
• Explanation for effect:
Explanation / Answer
1. Substance’s Effect: Increases the number of free hydrogen ions or protons (H+) in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria (between the outer and inner membranes).
• Classification: Potentially effective in promoting weight loss or weight gain?
Weight loss.
• Explanation for effect:
Increasing the protons in the intermembrane space will increase the proton gradient in the mitochondria, which will thereby have more protons pumped through ATP synthase, generating more ATP as a result. Furthermore, there is another protein called thermogenin that takes protons back into the mitochondria without generating ATP. But instead, it releases heat to maintain the metabolism of the organism. This excess generated heat will be increased with more protons and therefore increase metabolism, which will increase weight loss.
2. Substance’s Effect: Partially blocks the pyruvate transporter, interfering with the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria.
• Classification: Potentially effective in promoting weight loss or weight gain?
Weight gain.
• Explanation for effect:
If pyruvate cannot be transported into the mitochondria, then very little ATP can be generated and also, no heat will be generated from metabolic processes. This will cause a lower body temperature and therefore promote weight gain.
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