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b) In both pathways, the transcription of is distinct. Describe the differ. (2 p

ID: 199525 • Letter: B

Question

b) In both pathways, the transcription of is distinct. Describe the differ. (2 points). a signal is transmitted from the cell membrane to the nucleus to activate genes. However, the underlying logic of signal transduction in each pathway signal transduction mechanism in each case and explain how they is c) State one developmental system or tissue in which each of these signaling pathways is active during development Hedgehog signaling pathway (1 point): Notch signaling pathway (1 point): 7. In sea urchin fertilization, there is both a fast and slow block to polyspermy, while most of the evidence suggests that in mammals there is only a slow block to polyspermy. a) Why is a block to polyspermy important? (1 point)

Explanation / Answer

C) Hedgehog: One of the best studied examples is the action of Sonic hedgehog during development of the vertebrate limb.

Notch: regulation of crucial cell communication events between endocardium and myocardium during both the formation of the valve primordial and ventricular development and differentiation.

D) If more than one sperm fuses—a condition called polyspermy—multipolar or extra mitotic spindles are formed, resulting in faulty segregation of chromosomes during cell division; nondiploid cells are produced, and development usually stops.