) Ion Rocket Engine. A special type of rocket engine uses electricity for propul
ID: 2004627 • Letter: #
Question
) Ion Rocket Engine. A special type of rocket engine uses electricity for propulsion: the ion engine. A soft metal, such as cesium, is vaporized and then electrified (ionized) with high voltage. These cesium ions are the accelerated by strong electric fields to produce a current of atoms at high velocity. Outside the engine, the ions are then recombined with electrons to restore electrical neutrality.A particular ion engine has an exhaust velocity of 20,000 m/sec. The mass flow (dm/dt) is just 1 milligram per second.
a) What is the thrust produced by this engine?
b) The engine propels a 200 kg spacecraft. What velocity change (delta-v) is achievable by running the engine continuously for one solid year? (For simplicity, assume a constant mass for the system. One year = 31.56 million seconds.)
---------------------------
) Potential Energy. How much work is required to lift one metric ton (1000 kg) of water to an altitude of 1000 meters? (The Sun is doing this all this time to the Earth’s weather.)
--------------------------------
q) Kinetic Energy 1. A car has a mass of 1200 kg. How much kinetic energy does it have when traveling at a speed of 30 m/sec?
-----------------------
Kinetic Energy 2. The Space Shuttle orbits the Earth at a speed of some 7750 meters per second (which is about 260 times that of a typical highway driving speed). With a typical payload, the Shuttle has a mass of 120,000 kg.
a) What is the kinetic energy of the Shuttle in orbit?
b) The Shuttle reaches orbit in some 500 seconds. At what rate of work (power) did the rocket engines perform on the Shuttle to place the craft and its payload into orbit? Compare this to the maximum power output of a typical nuclear electric generating station.
-----------------------
Solar Power. In space, outside the atmosphere, some 1360 Watts of radiant power pass through every square meter (at normal incidence).
a) What total amount of power does the Earth intercept from the Sun? (The projected area of the Earth is ?RE2, where RE is the radius of the Earth, 6.38 million meters.)
b) Compare this figure to the total amount of power produced by all of human civilization, currently some 40 trillion (1012) Watts. What conclusions about solar power can you draw from this comparison?
q
-) Angular Momentum. Assuming a uniform distribution of mass inside the Earth, calculate:
a) the Earth’s moment of inertia, I;
b) its angular momentum, L = omega(omega=2pi/T) the angular momentum of the Moon in its orbit around the Earth (L = mvr). Compare these two values. (The sidereal period of the Moon is 27.3 days; its mass is 1/81 of that of the Earth; its average orbital radius is 383,000 km.)
------------------------------------
Q0 Water Pressure. Calculate the value of the water pressure at the Challenger Deep, the deepest known place on the surface of the Earth. The currently accepted depth of the water there is 10,911 meters. (This is deep enough to cover Mount Everest, and still have more than one mile of water above the peak. On January 23, 1960, Swiss explorer Jacques Piccard and US Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh became the first, and so far, the only people ever to visit this remote place, descending in the Italian-built bathyscaph Trieste.)
q-8
Mass of Earth’s Atmosphere. The pressure of the Earth’s atmosphere at sea level is 101,300 Pascals (Newtons per square meter.) This means that every square meter of Earth’s surface supports a weight of 101,300 Newtons. From this, determine the mass of Earth’s atmosphere. What fraction of the Earth’s total mass is this?
Explanation / Answer
Given: Exhaust velocity ions coming out from the rocket engine = U = 20,000 m/sec mass flow rate or conumption of the fuel in the engine is = d M / dt = 1 mg / se c = 10-6 Kg / sec (a) thrust produced by this engine = T = ? By the known formula of newton's second law we hvave = thrust = T = U dM /dt = 20,000 m/s ( 10-6 Kg /s) = 2 x 10-2 N (b) work is required to lift one metric ton (1000 kg) of water to an altitude of 1000 meters is stored as P.E thus, P.E = mg h where mass = m = 1000 kg altitude = h = 1000 m thus, work done = W = mg h = (1000)(9.8)(1000) = 9800000 J (c) Kinetic Energy: K.E = 1/2 Mv2 Given: car has a mass of = M = 1200 kg. traveling at a speed of = v = 30 m/secKinetic energy possed by the car = 1/2 (1200)(30)2 = 540000 J plz. remaining post seperetely....,
Given: car has a mass of = M = 1200 kg. traveling at a speed of = v = 30 m/sec
Kinetic energy possed by the car = 1/2 (1200)(30)2 = 540000 J plz. remaining post seperetely....,
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.