38 Biotechnology Demystified 7. Mitosis: (a) is the process by which cells repro

Question

38 Biotechnology Demystified 7. Mitosis: (a) is the process by which cells reproduce themselves. (b) allows exchange of genetic material between members of a chromosome pair. (c) duplicates the chromosomes once and divides the cell twice. (d) is mistake-proof. (e) all are correct. 8. DNA: (a) occurs as 46 chromosomes in a normal human cell. (b) occurs as 92 chromosomes in a cell preparing to divide. (e) is loosely strung like long ropes throughout the nucleus. (d) is wound around protein balls in a resting cell. (e) a, b, and d are correct. ( a, b, and e are correct 9. Duplication of DNA: (a) requires an enzyme called DNA polymerase. (b) begins with the binding of an activation factor. (c) involves binding the DNA polymerase onto the DNA. (d) requires breaking the hydrogen bonds between base pairs. (e) all are correct. 10. Cell replication: (a) requires that all cell structures be carefully copied. (b) must be carefully controlled to prevent cancer. (c) sometimes results in abnormal cells. (d) occurs infrequently in adult humans. (e) a, b, and c are correct. (f) b and c are correct.

Explanation / Answer

7. Mitosis is the process of cell division in which two genetically identical daughter cells are formed from a single parent cell. The chromosomes present in the cell are first replicated once followed by cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. The process of mitosis has checkpoints to check if the cell division occurs without any errors. So, the correct option is option D, is mistake proof.
8. In humans there are 46 number of chromosomes. In a human cell that is preparing to divide has 92 number of chromosomes. The DNA in the nucleus is tightly coiled ar strand. ound proteins known as the histones to form the nucleosomes. So, the correct option is option E, a, b, and d are correct.
9. DNA replication or duplication begins with the binding of origin recognition complex to the origin of replication site. This is followed by the recruitment of DNA polymerase enzyme that binds to the DNA and replicates the DNA strand. The process of DNA duplication requires that the hydrogen bonds between the two strands of the double stranded DNA molecule are broken down. So, the correct option is option E, all are correct.
10. Cell replication is the process in which the double stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. The process of cell replication must be tightly regulated to prevent the development of cancer. Errors during cell replication may sometimes result in the generation of abnormal cells. So, the correct option is option F, b and c are correct.

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