Sketch photograph and submit the scheme of transcription and translation for nor

Question

Sketch photograph and submit the scheme of transcription and translation for normal hemoglobin and sickle cell anemia. Use your knowledge of codons, mutations, DNA, RNA and amino acids
Sketch photograph and submit the scheme of transcription and translation for normal hemoglobin and sickle cell anemia. Use your knowledge of codons, mutations, DNA, RNA and amino acids
Sketch photograph and submit the scheme of transcription and translation for normal hemoglobin and sickle cell anemia. Use your knowledge of codons, mutations, DNA, RNA and amino acids
Sketch photograph and submit the scheme of transcription and translation for normal hemoglobin and sickle cell anemia. Use your knowledge of codons, mutations, DNA, RNA and amino acids

Explanation / Answer

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease, which is caused by a mutation in a hemoglobin gene.

For a normal person----> Hemoglobin gene (wild-type) ----> 6th codon is GAG (DNA) ---> After transcription----> ------>converted to GAG (mRNA)-----> After translation ------> Results in hemoglobin protein (wild-type) (Glutamic acid at position 6)----> Shape of hemoglobin is normal.

For a person with Sickle cell anemia----> Hemoglobin gene (mutant)----> 6th codon is GTG (DNA)----> After transcription ----> converted to GUG (mRNA)----->After translation -----> Results in mutant hemoglobin protein E6V (Glutamic acid converted to Valine)-----> Shape of the hemoglobin is changed (sickle shaped), which allows it to clump together and interrupt blood flow.

So the single mutation at 6 th codon of hemoglobin gene results in change in the shape of hemoglobin (sickle shaped) and leads to sickle cell anemia.

Note: All the mutation site and mutated base are bold and underlined.

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