Explain how an atomizer works. In the process, describe what happens in the regi

Question

Explain how an atomizer works. In the process, describe what happens in the regions labeled “X,” “Y,” and “Z.” What do the arrows mean? What are the curlicue shapes in the upper right corner? What is that cylinder by “X”? That bent thing (it looks something like a hockey stick) outside the circle to the left of the “Z” is merely a piece glued to the circle and the cylinder to hold them together; you may ignore it completely. Write at very least 300 words – quote the atomic hypothesis or kinetic theory.

Explain how an atomizer works. In the process, describe what happens in the regions labeled X, Y, and Z. What do the arrows mean? What are the curlicue shapes in the upper right corner? What is that cylinder by X ? That bent thing (it looks something like a hockey stick) outside the circle to the left of the Z is merely a piece glued to the circle and the cylinder to hold them together; you may ignore it completely. Write at very least 300 words ? quote the atomic hypothesis or kinetic theory.

Explanation / Answer

An atomizer works based on the Venturi effect; that is, any fluid forced through a bottleneck will move more quickly as it passes through due to the increased pressure. This can be described mathematically by saying that the mass entering the system at any moment is equal to the mass leaving the system. In a fluid of constant density, that is equivalent to saying that the volume entering the system at any moment is equal to the volume leaving the system at that moment. When the aperture area shrinks, the linear velocity of the fluid will therefore increase. This increase then causes a decrease in pressure in the region adjacent to the liquid stream.

X is a cylinder used to hold air which is ejected at high speed when the plunger is pressed inward.

Y is the cylinder aperture through which the air exits when the plunger is pressed.

Z is a sphere that holds the liquid to be atomized; the top of the sphere is open to the atmosphere, and the tube right below the "Y" leads from below the level of the liquid directly into the path of the air stream.

When the plunger in cylinder X is depressed, a high-velocity stream of air exits through the aperture Y. The Venturi effect states that the air pressure around the stream will be below atmospheric pressure, including the air in the tube. Since part of the sphere is open to the air, the liquid will be pushed down inside the sphere at normal atmospheric pressure. The differential between the pressure in the exit tube and the pressure in the sphere drives the liquid into the air stream. Once the liquid reaches the air stream, it breaks into tiny droplets and is carried in the stream, producing a fine aerosol similar to that produced by a can of cleaning spray. The curlicues on the end of the drawing represent the aerosol of the liquid in sphere Z.

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