5. A train is traveling along a straight, horizontal track at a constant speed t

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5. A train is traveling along a straight, horizontal track at a constant speed that is only slightly less than that of equal to g b. a. light. An observer in the train turns on a light in the caboose. (Assume that the light travels to the engine ina vacuum.) An observer on the ground uses her instruments to measure the speed of this light and obtains a value a less than c b. equal to e c. greater than c greater than g c. less than g 8. What was the purpose in postulating the existence of the ether? a. It determined which reference system was the absolute one. b. To account for the slowing of Earth in its annual joumey around the Sun. c. To provide the medium through which light traveled d. To account for the time difference measured in the Michelson-Morley experiments. 16. The speed of light is represented by the symbol c and has a value equal to L 300 kmh. 9. In the Michelson-Morley experiments two light beams are raced at right angles to each other. What were the results? a. The beam traveling along the direction of Earth's motion always won. b. The beam traveling along the direction of Earth's motion always lost c. The races always ended in ties. d. The results depended on the season of the year b. 300 km/s c 300,000 km/h d. 300,000 km/s. 17. Two rockets are approaching a space station from opposite directions. Each is traveling at 90% of the speed of light as measured by an observer in the space station. How fast does each rocket approach the other as measured by observers in the rocket? a. 90% ofe 10. The second postulate of special relativity states that the speed of light a. is a constant in a vacuum. b. slightly less than c ?.? d. 18096 ofe b. is constant relative to the ether depends on the motion of the source. c. d. depends on the motion of the recciver. 18. Two rocket ships approach a space station at 80% ofthe speed of light. Each pilot observes the other ship approachingat ? 64% b. 80% c.98% d, 160% 11. If you approach a light beacon while traveling at one-half the speed of light (0.5 c), you will measure the speed of light from the beacon to be a. 0.5 c b. 0.7c he speed of light d. 1.5 e 19. -12. Which of the following concepts is NOT a relative one, that is, observers in different inertial systems agree on the observations, As a space ship approaches you in outer space at 50% of the speed of light, its rotating beacon sends out a pulse of light. An observer in the ship measures the speed of the light leaving the ship to be a. simultaneity of events at separated locations b. 50 % ofc rate at which clocks run b. 75% ofe simultaneity of events at a single location d. c. c. equal to c synchronization of clocks d. 15096 ofc 20. A train is traveling along a straight, horizontal track at a constant speed that is only slightly less than that of 13. As a space ship approaches you in outer space at 50% of the speed of light, its rotating beacon sends out a pulse of light. You measure the speed of this light to be b. C, d. 50% of c 75% ofe equal to c 150% ofc light An observer in the train determines that firecrackers go off simultaneously in the engine and in the caboose. An observer on the ground determines that the firecracker in thewent off first. a engine b. caboose c. They went off simultaneously for both observers. 21. A train is traveling along a straight, horizontal track at a constant speed that is only slightly less than that of light An observer on the ground determines that firecrackers go off simultaneously in the engine and in the caboose. An observer in the train determines that the firecracker in thewnt off first a engine b. eaboose C? They went off simultaneously for both observers. 14. A train is traveling along a straight, horizontal track at a constant speed that is only slightly less than that of light. An observer in the train turns on a light in the caboose and measures the length of time it takes to get to the engine. (Assume that the light is traveling in a vacuum.) Knowing the length of the train, he is able to calculate the speed of light and obtains a speed a. less than e b. equal to c c. greater than e

Explanation / Answer

1) Which have constant acceleration relative to an inertial system

2) Two inertial systems

3) First postulate says laws of physics are same in all inertial frames

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