The ostrich and the emu (rwo large flightless birds) look very similar and live
ID: 205196 • Letter: T
Question
The ostrich and the emu (rwo large flightless birds) look very similar and live in similar habitats, however flighless-ness evolved independently in these birds. This is an example of a. Microevolution 2. b. Convergent evolution c. Homologous structures d. all of the above 3. Consider the phylogenetic tree to the nght. The most recent Lancelet (outgroup) Lamprey suapomorphy in the group containing only Salamander, Turtle, and Leopard is: t5: a. Hair b. Amniotic egg Four walking legs c. Tuna d. Jaws Vertebral column 4· The most recent synapomorphy in the clade contaming only the lawA- -Salamander Hnged javn Tuna, Salamander, Turtle, and Leopard (different clade from above) is: a. Vertebral column Four walking legs Turtle Amniotic gLeopa Four walking legs c. d. Amniotic egg 5. According to the evidence, the most recent common ancestor of all animals alive was probably a. a choanoflagellate. b a small reptle. c a plant. d. a multiceilular fungus. 6. Which of these does NOT have an amniotic egg as a synapomorphy? a nonbird reptiles b. birds c. egg-laying mammals d. 7. Why is the amniotic eg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough? It has a shell that helped increase an embryo's gas exchange. b. It allows eggs to exist in a terrestrial, rather than aquatic, environment. c. It lengthens embryonic development d. It permits internal fertilization to be replaced by extemal fertilization.. . Which sequence below best descabes the hypothesized order of events in early animal evolution, from a single- celled ancestor? a.multcellulanry.hollowsphere --cel specialization gastru ation b. cell specialization gastrulation-, hollow sphere multicellularity c. hollow sphere multicellularity gastrulation cellspecialization d. gastrulation cell specialization multicellularity hollow sphere What is the order in which the groups of animals oniginated, from earliest to most recent? (1) tetapods (2) Vertebrates l) tetrapods (2) Vertebrates (3) Deuterostomes (4) Amniotes (5) bilaterians a, 5 3 42+1 b.53241Explanation / Answer
Answer 2 : Convergent evolution
The ostrich and Emu are flightless birds. These are classified as ratites whoc do not have keel on their sternum to attach wings. These two birds do not have a direct evolutionary relationship.
Answer 3 : Four walking legs
Synapomorphy is the characteristic trait present in ancestral species which is exclusively shared by its descendants in a more or less modified form.
Answer 4 : Jaws
Hinjed jaws is the most recent synapomorph in the given clade.
Answer 5 : a choanoflagellate
Answer 6 : amphibians
Answer 7 : it allows eggs to exist in terrestrial, rather than aquatic environment.
This trait allowed the reptiles to lay eggs on land.
Answer 8 : Hollow sphere -> multicellularity -> gastrulation -> cell specialization
Answer 9 : 5-3-2-1-4
Bilaterians-deuterostomes-vertebrates-tetrapods-amniotes
Answer 10 Humans and apes evolved from a common ancestor.
Answer 11: 6 million (6,000,000) years ago in the late Miocene age.
Answer 12 : each cell may develop into a full sized , normal embryo
Answer 13 : aquatic larvae and terrestrial adult
Answer 14 : They should show evidence of internal fertilization.
Answer 15 : indeterminate cells, blastopore becomes anu
Answer 16 : internal digestion
Fungi digest the food outside their bodies by releasing enzymes and absorb the nutrition.
Answer 17 : they have bilateral embryonic stages
Answer 18 : he would have used evolutionary relatedness to classify them
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