Cell Division C. mitotic cell division meiotic cell division d. Meiotic division

Question

Cell Division C. mitotic cell division meiotic cell division d. Meiotic division is the process leading to the formation of specific cells in animals and plants. Name these cells Animals Plants e Indicate the number of chromosomes in a human. Egg cell Sperm f True/False The zygote, first cell of the next generation, is formed by the union of egg and sperm. It receives: a random number of chromosomes from each parent equal numbers of chromosomes from each parent one member of each chromosome pair from each parent both members of each chromosome pair from each parent 4. SUMMARY Using a separate sheet of paper, describe as completely as possible the processes of binary fission, mitotic cell division, and meiotic cell division. 5. MINIPRACTICUM Examine the microscope setups and complete the following chart: Microscope Na. Mitotic Stage Type of Cell Structure Indicated by Pointer

Explanation / Answer

Hi,

C. Human cell has 46 chromosomes. A mitotic division produces two cells with same no. Of chromosomes. Hence we get two cells with 46 cells. A mitotic division produce 4 cells with half the number of chromosomes. Hence we get cells with 23 chromosomes.

D. The meiotic cells in animals are sperm and egg. In plants they are called as pollen and ovule.

E. Human egg and sperm both are produced by meiosis. Hence they contain half the normal number of chromosomes. So they both have 23 chromosomes.

F. The zygote is formed by joining the one member of each pair of chromosomes from each parent. Each chromosomes has a pair of chromatids. So each parent gives one member of such pair making the complete pair in the zygote. They also receive exact number of chromosomes from each parent. So option 2 and 3 are true rest all are false.

4. Binary fission. This is a asexual type of cell division. The mother cell increases in volume and doubled its chromosomes. It now enlarges in volume and separates into two daughters. Each new cell recieves one pair of each chromosome. In the case of binary fission the new cells share maximum similarity with the mother cell. This occurs in prokaryotes.

Mitosis. This is also a type of asexual cell division. This occurs in eukaryotes. The cell doubles is chromosome before division. The mitosis occurs in 4 stages, prophage where the cell prepares for cell division, chromosomes condense and are visible as thin threads. In the Metaphase the chromosomes align pair wise at the middle of the cell. Chromosome condensation is complete. The spindle fibres bind to the kinetochtore of each chromosomes and start to pull them apart. In the anaphse the chromosome are separated and new cells are forming. In the telephone, the new cells are formed and chromosome are also equally divided.

Meiosis. This is a type of sexual cell division. Here the 4 new cells are formed with half of original number of chromosomes in mother cell. The meiosis occurs in 2 stages. In the first stage the cell simply divides into 2 new cells with half chromosomes. This is called reduction division. In the next phase, the two new cells undergo typical mitosis producing 2 more cells each. Thus 4 cells are formed with half number of chromosomes.

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