Make a table (one for each) for the outer, middle, and inner ear which (a) lists
ID: 2077989 • Letter: M
Question
Make a table (one for each) for the outer, middle, and inner ear which (a) lists the components structures, (b) describes the function of each component and (c) gives the approximate size of each component in mm you will not find all the sizes in your readings, you may have estimate some from drawings in your or measure them What is the frequency range of the sense in the human ear? Assuming the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, what is equivalent range of what is the frequency region of Wavelengths? For the average ear, what is the frequency region of best sensitivity? The auditory canal acts like a pipe closed one end, so that a standing wave in the canal has a node at the end and an antinode at the eardrum thus the natural resonant frequency of the adult human ear, which has an average auditory canal length. of 2. 5cm and for the ear of an infant with an auditory canal 1.0 cm long. Compare these frequencies to the frequency range of normal speech. Explain why this is significant. Which components of the ear are involved in (a) collection and concentration of sound, (b) amplifying the pressure of a sound, (c) protecting against loud sounds, and (d) equalizing pressure to adjust to atmospheric pressure changes? Describe the role of the basilar membrane and the hair cells of the organ of Corti in transducing sound waves into electrical signals and determining the perceived frequency of a sound. Sound from a speaker travels at 340 m/s through the air to a listener whose head is 17.0 cm in diameter. Calculate the interaural time difference for sound arriving at either ear if the listener's head is turned at an angle of (a) 20.0 degree from the direction of the source and (b) 75 degree from the direction of the source. (Remember to convert the angles to radians first.) In detecting the direction of a sound source, what factors are most important at (a) low frequencies and (b) high frequencies? Why is discrimination of a sound source less accurate at frequencies close to 2000 Hz? What directions are particularly difficult to determine? Why? For a sound level of 60 dB, what is the perceived loudness in phons (to the nearest multiple of 10) for sounds with the following frequencies: (a) 40 Hz, (b) 100 Hz, (c) 200 Hz, (d) 2000 Hz, and (e) 10000 Hz? Refer to Fig. 9.5 on page 255 of UroneExplanation / Answer
List of components
Functions
Size
Pinna
It directs sound waves from the outside into the external auditory canal
26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter
External auditory canal
It directs the sound waves to the tympanic membrane,
causing it to vibrate
2.5 cm
Tympanic membrane
It serves as a transmitter of sound by vibrating in response to sounds traveling down the external auditory canal, and beginning sound conduction in the middle ear.
63 sq mm
Outer Ear
Middle Ear
List of components
Functions
Size
Malleus (hammer)
It transmits the motion of the vibrations to the incus
7.69 mm
Incus (anvil)
It transmits the sound vibrations to the stapes
6.47 mm
Stapes (stirrup)
It amplifies and transforms the sound energy into mechanical energy
3.22 mm
Inner Ear
List of components
Functions
Size
The cochlea
It helps dampen the vibrations in the cochlea
42.0 mm
Vestibular system
It is responsible for maintaining balance and a sense of position.
0.3 mm
List of components
Functions
Size
Pinna
It directs sound waves from the outside into the external auditory canal
26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter
External auditory canal
It directs the sound waves to the tympanic membrane,
causing it to vibrate
2.5 cm
Tympanic membrane
It serves as a transmitter of sound by vibrating in response to sounds traveling down the external auditory canal, and beginning sound conduction in the middle ear.
63 sq mm
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