Cell phone base stations may use either \"make before break\" or \"break before
ID: 2082912 • Letter: C
Question
Cell phone base stations may use either "make before break" or "break before make" to handle mobile handoff which transfers mobile device from one station to another. a. Give one advantages of using "make before break", compared so break before make" a. Give one disadvantage of using "make before break", compared to "break before make" The velocity of electromagnetic waves depends on the density or the atmosphere, this phenomenon is called refraction. As the altitude increases above the surface of the Earth, the density of the atmosphere a. __________ Increases b._________ Decreases c. __________ Remains constant d. _________ Not enough information to determine This causes the electromagnetic wave to: a. __________ Bend away from the surface of the Earth b. _________ Travel in a straight line c. ___________ Bend toward the surface of the EarthExplanation / Answer
Q52.
(a) In Make-before-break or soft handoff the connection to the target cell is made before the connection to the source cell is broken. The connection to the source cell is broken only when a reliable connection to the target cell has been established. Therefore the cances that the call will be terminated abnormally due to failer handovers are lower.
(b) Soft handoffs may involve using connections to more than two cells by one phone at the same time. This requires more complex hardware in the phone, which must be capable of processing several channels in parallel. In case of soft handoffs several channels are used to support just a single call. This reduces the number of remaining free channels and thus reduces the capacity of the network.
Q53.
... density (b) decreases. As the density of atmosphere decreases, the refractive index decreases with increase in altitude. In other words, the refractive index of atmosphere increases while altitude decreases, i.e, coming closer to the surface of Earth.
... wave to : (c) bend toward the surface of the Earth. Since the refractive index increases as the EM waves approach the surface of Earth, this will cause the EM waves to slow down and bend toward the surface of Earth.
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