Answer the following short questions. Below are directions for what parameters a

Question

Answer the following short questions. Below are directions for what parameters are needed:

a. An SCR is formed by a stacking of alternate p and n diffused regions. How many diffused regions are needed to form a basic SCR?

b. What is the fundamental difference between an SCR and a Triac?

c. Delay calculations using the Elmore delay model are said to be “faithful”. In the context of timing in logic circuits, what does it mean to be “faithful”?

d. What is the major purpose of a pad driver?

e. Some logic is termed “ratio logic”. What is the key feature characterizing ratio logic?

f. Why is the capacitance density of Metal 3 to substrate considerably lower than the capacitance density of Metal 1 to substrate in a standard CMOS process?

g. What parameter in a JFET corresponds to the threshold voltage in a MOSFET?

h.  What are the two major limitations of pass transistor logic?

i. Compound gates (sometimes referred to as Complex Logic Gates) are often used as an alternative to static CMOS NAND and NOR gates to implement Boolean functions. What is the major advantage of using Compound Gates?

j. If a CMOS inverter in the process described on the top is designed with an n-channel transistor sized with W=Wmin and a p-channel transistor with W=20Wmin what will be the trip-point voltage? Assume both transistors have a length of Lmin.

If references to semiconductor processes are needed beyond what is given in a specific problem or question, assume a CMOS process is available with the following key process parameters; unCox 100uA/V2, HpCox- unCox/3 ,VINo 0.5V, VTPO-- 0.5V, Cox 4fF/u2, 0.01V-i, and Y 0. If reference to a bipolar process is made, assume this process has key process parameters for an npn transistor of Js 10 15 Bn 100 and V and those for a pnp transistor are JS-1 15 Bp 20 and V. oo. If AFn Go AFp

Explanation / Answer

1. in the SCR there are 3 diffused region, anode, cathod and gate

2. SCR is uni direction device, triac is bidirectional device

Triac has 3 terminal anode 1, anode2, gate.

SCR has 3 junction anode, catode and gate

3. Pad drivers: function of pad driver circuitery is to protect the chip circuitery against destruction due to over voltage pulse and sustained over voltages. this is due to electrostatic discharges or due to fulats on other circuitery that cause unexpectedly high voltages to be applied on the chip pins.

4. limitation of pass transistor logic is output levels are always lower than the input levels.

no isolation between input and output.

output progressively detoriates as it passes through various stages

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