Design a synchronous circuit (state machine) using flip-flops and logic gates th

Question

Design a synchronous circuit (state machine) using flip-flops and logic gates that makes a 4-bit "Knight-Rider" pattern. That is, the output counts: Don't draw the circuit, just come up with the required logic expressions. (b) of course, if the Knight Rider car is driving down the street with the lights stuck in an excluded state, it would be less than awesome. Either show that your circuit doesn't get stuck in excluded states, or show how to modify your circuit to make sure that you circuit settles into the above pattern for any starting state. Use whatever logic you like (again, no circuit, just the required logic).

Explanation / Answer

A) Explanation:

The extra bit is added as a select bit which is 1 whenever next count is correct otherwise it 0 and system will try to find next valid count.

for using 4 bianry bits we can get 16 counts and I want to count only 6 of them sequentially so my select bit will add 1 whenever count is valid.

We need synchronous counter here having 5 flipflops which provides sequential counting as mentioned in the given sequence.and Logic gates are needed to get inputs at the flip flops.

Whenever count goes to 1000 the next count must be 0100 then 0010 then 0001 as an initial state

The construction is same as a counter and state table must be formed before designing it.

K-Map can be used to find the next state expressions

B) Again, whenever it stucks in an excluded state make sure that will be an invalid state and inform it to jump in the valid state and we can do the same by changing the state table and according to it we can build synchrounous counter which will be like a ring counter.

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