coiors ot the visible spectrum and the \'s lawera for the preparation and use of
ID: 209009 • Letter: C
Question
coiors ot the visible spectrum and the 's lawera for the preparation and use of a standard curve the crit oF Sume the components ents and describe the functions of a spectrophotometer eribe the three quality control tests for spectrophotometers. des be the principle of reflectan s. Describe the Desbe the rinciple, advantages, and disadvantages of nephelometry nciple of flow (cell) cytometry and its clinical application. Explain the characteristics of enzyme immunoassay pectrophotom Describe nd compare the three basic immunofluorescent labeling techniques 12. Identify niye clinical applications of direct and indirect immunofluorescent assays 13. Critique the ap 15. Differentiate the steps motential b omphe steps in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification technique at least three iate the steps in a polymerase chain reaction (P Compare various PCR modifications 10, iscuss the general concept of nucleic acid blotting the general concept of nci acid botting. 8. a pH electrode with an ion-selective electrode. the technique of coulometry and chromatography. clinical applications of Western blotting techniques. Compare 20. Explain 21. Differentiate the steps in the electrophoresis technique 22. Compare immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis. 23. Name the two types of chromatography and explain the conditions under which each is used. 24. Discuss analytical techniques used in point of care testing. 25. Perform each laboratory exercise and summarize the purpose and sources of error of each e 26. Demonstrate comprehension of this chapter content by completing the end of chapter revi with agrade of 80% or above.Explanation / Answer
Beer’s law
A law stating that the concentration of an analyte is directly proportional to the amount of light absorbed,or inversely proportional to the logarithm of the transmitted light.
Beer’s law
A = abc = log(100/%T) 2 - log %T
where:
A = absorbance
a = absorptivity
b = light path of the solution in cm
c = concentration of the substance of interest
%T = percent transmittance—the ratio of transmitted light to incident light
A standard curve or calibration curve, is a type of graph used as a quantitative research technique. Multiple samples with known properties are measured and graphed, which then allows the same properties to be determined for unknown samples by interpolation on the graph. The samples with known properties are the standards, and the graph is the standard curve.
Components of Spectrophotometer
A spectrophotometer is used in many areas of science including microbiology, biochemistry, forensics, physics, and medical health.
We can use it to measure certain ingredients in a drug to make sure it is effective and safe for consumers.
We can measure bacterial growth, or diagnose a patient based on how much uric acid is present in their urine.
Even non-scientists use spectrophotometers. Wine-makers, for example, use them to determine how much malic acid (reducing sugars) a particular wine has in it.
Scientists can also use the spectrophotometer to see how a reaction has progressed.
Reflectance spectrophotometry-
Among other types of measurements, which can be carried out using UV/Visible spectrophotometers are those which are based on the ability of a spectrophotometer to measure the reflectance of materials. Reflectance measurements are of great value in providing a reference standard for the comparison of the color of different samples.A reflectance spectrophotometer is similar to a standard UV/Visible spectrophotometer.It should have a bandwidth narrow enough to provide well resolved visible spectra yet wide enough to provide a good energy level for diffuse reflectance measurements. The reflectance spectrophotometer must also have optics and electronics systems of high sensitivity, and should be able to physically accommodate reflectance and transmission accessories. The adapted spectrophotometer must be able to make measurements both at selected fixed wavelengths or perform scans over the complete wavelength range.
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