31. What is the significance of evolutionary biology to the treatment of HIV? A.

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31. What is the significance of evolutionary biology to the treatment of HIV? A. An understanding that, as HIV patlents die, the human genome evolves resistance, has led evolutionary biologists to intentionally spread the illness B. The knowledge that the HIV virus probably originated in Chimps has led to new and effective treatments C. Evolutionary biologists came up with drugs called protease inhibitors, which are used to treat HIV D. An understanding of evolution was necessary for sclentists to realize that single drug regimens are ineffective because the virus evolves resistance during the patlent's course of treatment E. Evolution is not significant to the treatment of HIV 32. Who was Alfred Russell Wallace? A) An English economist and demographer who postulated that human population:s tend to grow until they outstrip their resources, causing them to be limited by famine and disease B) An English geologist who proposed that the mechanisms causing the formation of geological features today were also present in the past, and they operate at the same, slow rates we observe today C) A naturalist who came up with a theory of evolution by natural selection, independently of Charles Darwin D) The Sweedish botanist/physician who developed our current system of binomial nomenclature E) A, B, and C are correct, they are the same man 33. What is the evolutionary significance of eyesockets, in blind cave tetras? A) they are adapted for invisible prey capture B) they are a vestigial structure C) They reflect an evolutionary ancestor of the fish, which most likely had functional eyes D) Since they are nonfunctional, they probably arose by genetic drift E) B and C 34. What does the fossil record say about the origin of tetrapods? A. Because they sink to the bottom of the ocean when they die, tetrapods have no fossil record B. The fossil record records a smooth transition of forms, from the first fish, to the birds and mammals we see today C. Fossil tetrapods, such as Tulerpetea and Ichtheestegalla document aquatic and semi-aquatic members of lineages that had evolved limbs and shoulder girdles, but there is no smooth transition from terrestrial to aquatic forms D. Scentists expect to find the "missing link" soon E. None of the above

Explanation / Answer

34.Ans-C. fossils tetrapods, such as tulerpeton, and ichtheostegalia document aquatic and there is no smooth transition from the terrestrial to aquatic forms
                 According to evolutionary theory, tetrapods evolved from a fish-like ancestor during the Devonian Period. According to drying pond’ hypothesis, the tetrapods evolved as fishes and move on to the land and is the evidence of major evolutionary transition.
                Tulerpeton genus and the closely related Acanthostega and Ichthyostega represent the earliest tetrapods. Tulerpeton is one of the early transition tetrapods that live on land. But, after the discoveries of Acanthostega and Ichthyostega, it is confirmed that the pentadactyl ancestor which have five digits on each hand or foot.

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