Sensitivity Testing The Kirby Bauer Method sorenuedh 2 Which antimicroics would

Question

Sensitivity Testing The Kirby Bauer Method sorenuedh 2 Which antimicroics would be seitable for the control of the tollowing organ E coll P aerugi 3. Based on class data only, which antimicrohial has the beoadlest spectr sbial has the beoudest spectrum? Which one has the narrowest spectrum? 1 the following and provide one example of each Differentiate between a antibiotics and antimicrobial drugs b. broad and narrow-spectrum antimicrobials 2. What factors influence the size of the zone of inhibition for an antimicrobial? 3. Why are certain gram-negative bacteria more resistant than gram-positive bacteria to antimicrobials that attack cytoplasmic targets? 4. Why are gram-positive bacteria typically more resistant than gram-negative bacteria to antimicrobials that disrupt plasma membranes, such as polymyxin B? 5. If a bacterial isolate shows intermediate to moderate resistance to an antimicrobial, how might this drug still be successfully used in the treatment of this microbe? 6. What specific medium must be used in testing the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs? 7 If an infectious agent is sensitive to several antimicrobial drugs, what other considerations might be used to determine the best treatment option? 244

Explanation / Answer

2. S.aurens : Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (flucloxacillin, dicloxacillin)

E. Coli: Amoxicillin is a major antibiotic used; cephalosporins, carbapenems, aztreonam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and the aminoglycosides can also be used in case of E.Coli infection.

P. vulgaris: Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, TMP/SMZ, and Quinolones can be used

P. aeruginosa: Carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem) with antipseudomonal quinolones can be used along with an aminoglycoside

3. Aminoglycosides and Amoxicilin are two major broad spectrum drugs.

Azithromycin and clarithromycin are two major narrow spectrum antibiotics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Antimicrobial stands for anything against micro organisms working to stop there growth or destroy them; antibiotic are those antimicrobial agents that restrict / kill the growth of bacterias.

Eg of Antimicrobial drugs; Clotrimazole (This is anti fungal in nature)

Eg of Antibiotic: Amoxicillin

b. Broad spectrum Antimicrobial: Ampicillin and Quinonoles

Narrow spectrum Antimicrobial: Chroramphenicol and Aminoglycosides.

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