Chapter 13, 17, 18: Mitochondria and Membrane Transport Problem Set What is the

Question

Chapter 13, 17, 18: Mitochondria and Membrane Transport Problem Set What is the function of cristae in the inner mitochondrial membrane? How does this facilitate energy production? 1. 2. What type of carrier transports two molecules to the same side of the membrane using the energy from going with the concentration gradient of one molecule? 3. What type of carrier transports two molecules to the same side of the membrane using the energy from going with the concentration gradient of one molecule? 4. What kind of transport will a uniporter do? 5. Why is MCP necessary for energy production? What are the consequences if it is mutated or absent?

Explanation / Answer

1.What is the function of cristae in the inner mitochondrial membrane? How does this facilitate energy production?

Cristae are the inner folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria. It increases the surface area of mitochondria. This inner membrane has F1-F0 proteins which help in generation of ATP. So, more the surface area more the energy production.

. 2. What type of carrier transports two molecules to the same side of the membrane using the energy from going with the concentration gradient of one molecule?

Symport transport. A symporter is an integral membrane protein that is involved in the transport of many differing types of molecules across the cell membrane. The symporter works in the plasma membrane and molecules are transported across the cell membrane at the same time, and is, therefore, a type of cotransporter.

4. What kind of transport will a uniporter do?

Uniporter transports molecule towards one side of the membrane.

A uniporter is an integral membrane protein that is involved in facilitated diffusion. They can be either ion channels or carrier proteins.

Uniporter carrier proteins work by binding to one molecule of substrate at a time and transporting it with its concentration gradient. Uniporter channels open in response to a stimulus and allow the free flow of specific molecules. Both kinds of uniporters rely on passive transport, as they do not directly require cellular energy to function.

There are several ways in which the opening of uniporter channels may be regulated:

Voltage – Regulated by the difference in voltage across the membrane

Stress – Regulated by physical pressure on the transporter (as in the cochlea of the ear)

Ligand – Regulated by the binding of a ligand to either the intracellular or extracellular side of the cell

5. Why is MCP necessary for energy production? What are the consequences if it is mutated or absent?

They are essential in energy production. If they are mutated then there will be no energy production.

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