Short Answer \"5 : Drugs and Immunology. 116 points) Many pharmaceuticals used t

Question

Short Answer "5 : Drugs and Immunology. 116 points) Many pharmaceuticals used to treat diseases affect normal cell signaling mediators that regulate immune response. Use the internet to do some quick search on each of these drugs. For each drug, 1) name the part of the signaling pathway that is targeted by the drug, 2 give one example of a disease that it's used to treat, 3 explain briefly how it controls the disease, and 4) its possible unwanted effects on the normal immune response. (2 points each?) A. Rituximab C. Rapamycin, an OR inhibitor D. Natalizumak an inhibitor of integrin binding E. Enbrel or Humica that inhibit TNF ipilimumab (CTLA4 inhibitor) G. Pembrolizumah (Keytruda) PD-L1 inhibitor H. Tofacitinib Xelianz)·JAK inhibitor

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Answer:

Sno. Drug Signaling pathway targeted Disease treated Mechanism of control Unwanted effects A Rituximab Monoclonal antibody directed against CD20 antigen present on B lymphocytes CD20-positive non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Rituximab binds to CD20 antigen present on the B-cells non hodgkins lymphoma fever. Chills, body aches B Cyclosporin A Prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ transplant to prevent transplant rejection Immunosupressant and exhibit specific action on T-lymphocytes Shaking, headache, dizziness, diarrhea, C Rapamycin or Sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) Blocks trancsriptional activation of cytokines, targets (mTOR) signaling pathway to prevent organ transplant rejection and to treat lymphangioleiomyomatosis inhibits T lymphocyte activation and proliferation peripheral edema, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension D Natalizumab (integrin binding inhibitor) Treatment of multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease .
Binds to the 4-subunit of 4b 1 and 4b 7 integrins expressed on the surface of all leukocytes except neutrophils risk of Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). E Enbrel or Humira (inhibits TNF) Dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding portion of the human 75 kilodalton (p75) tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) linked to the Fc portion Rheumatoid arthritis in adults and plaque psoriasis   Etanercept is a dimeric soluble form of the p75 TNF receptor that can bind to two TNF molecules, fever, chills, sore throat, body aches, confusion F Ipilimumab (CTLA4 inhibitor) Targets protein receptor CTLA4 Crohn's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Ulcerative colitis. CTLA-4 competitively inhibits the binding of B7 to CD28 tiredness, diarrhea, itching, rash, nausea, G Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) PD-L1 inhibitor PD-1 pathway-mediated inhibition of the immune response Used in cancer immunotherapy ( anti-PD-1 immunotherapy) binds to and blocks the PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1 located on lymphocytes. fatigue,
cough,
shortness of breath,
nausea H Tofacitinib (Xeljanz), JAK inhibitor JAK Pathway ( janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor class) rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis potent, selective inhibitor of the JAK family. Serious Infections, Tuberculosis
Opportunistic Infections

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