Discuss the variety of antibiotics produced by Bacillus (polymyxin, difficidin,
ID: 213321 • Letter: D
Question
Discuss the variety of antibiotics produced by Bacillus (polymyxin, difficidin, subtilin, mycobacillin, bacitracin, pumulin, laterosporin, zwittermicin, gramicidin, and tyrocidin). The range of activity of these antibiotics includes gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Bacillus is saprobic and the precise role these antibiotics play in the growth and reproduction of Bacillus is unknown. Ask students what role they feel these antibiotics play. Current hypotheses involve possible competition between species, or regulation of sporulation and maintenance of dormancy. The following article Researchers Eye “Predatory” Bacterium for Novel Antimicrobial Strategies describes exploiting Bacillus to help identify new antibiotics: http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/extract/291/10/1188.
Explanation / Answer
There are many antibiotics that are produced by Bacillus. They have huge function and range from gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. They prevent the growth and development of Bacillus and helps in preventing bacterial infection. Here are the precise roles of the antibiotics produced by the Bacillus.
Polymyxin
It is an antibiotic which is majorly used in treatment of Gram negative bacterial infections. They reduce and inhibit the bacterial growth by breaking the cell membrane of the bacteria.
Difficidin
It is a broad spectrum antibiotic which acts on majority of the aerobic bacteria.
Subtilisin
It is a non-specific protease which starts the nucleophilic attack on peptide bond through serine residues and is mostly active many types of bacteria.
Mycobacillin
It is an anti-fungal cyclic residue and it interferes with the development and growth of fungi.
Bacitracin
The antibiotic is a mix of cyclic peptides and they majorly act against the gram positive bacteria. They do so by interfering with the cell wall and synthesis of the peptidoglycan
Pumulin
They are majorly broad spectrum antibiotics which act against huge number of bacteria.
Laterosporin
They are majorly broad spectrum antibiotics which act against huge number of bacteria.
Zwittermicin
It is largely used in the plant and agriculture industries as it is able to suppress plant disease. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic effective against gram positive and negative bacteria.
Gramicidin
It contains linear pentadecapeptides of 15 amino acids and is mostly used for acting against gram positive bacteria and some selected gram negative bacteria.
Tyrocidin
It is a mixture of cyclic decapeptides and acts against the bacteria by disrupting the function of cell membrane. It permeates the lipid phase of the cell membrane
Polymyxin
It is an antibiotic which is majorly used in treatment of Gram negative bacterial infections. They reduce and inhibit the bacterial growth by breaking the cell membrane of the bacteria.
Difficidin
It is a broad spectrum antibiotic which acts on majority of the aerobic bacteria.
Subtilisin
It is a non-specific protease which starts the nucleophilic attack on peptide bond through serine residues and is mostly active many types of bacteria.
Mycobacillin
It is an anti-fungal cyclic residue and it interferes with the development and growth of fungi.
Bacitracin
The antibiotic is a mix of cyclic peptides and they majorly act against the gram positive bacteria. They do so by interfering with the cell wall and synthesis of the peptidoglycan
Pumulin
They are majorly broad spectrum antibiotics which act against huge number of bacteria.
Laterosporin
They are majorly broad spectrum antibiotics which act against huge number of bacteria.
Zwittermicin
It is largely used in the plant and agriculture industries as it is able to suppress plant disease. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic effective against gram positive and negative bacteria.
Gramicidin
It contains linear pentadecapeptides of 15 amino acids and is mostly used for acting against gram positive bacteria and some selected gram negative bacteria.
Tyrocidin
It is a mixture of cyclic decapeptides and acts against the bacteria by disrupting the function of cell membrane. It permeates the lipid phase of the cell membrane
Related Questions
drjack9650@gmail.com
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.