INITIAL KNOWLEDGE REVIEW: Initial Part E: Replication Initiation and termination

Question

INITIAL KNOWLEDGE REVIEW:

Initial Part E:

Replication Initiation and termination

a.      What are sites of replication initiation?

b.      Why is the timing and regulation of replication initiation important?

c.       When do pre-initiation complexes form in eukaryotic cells? What triggers their firing?

d.      How does replication differ for circular vs. linear chromosomes?

e.      What is the end replication problem?

f.        How are the ends of linear chromosomes protected? Why is this important?

g.       How are the ends of linear chromosomes extended?

Initial Part F:

Fidelity of replication

a.      How does the structure of DNA contribute to the accuracy of nucleotide incorporation by DNA polymerase? How does it contribute to proofreading during DNA synthesis?

b.      What two mechanisms can correct misincorporations by replicative DNA polymerase?

Initial Part G:

DNA damage and repair

a.      Can you identify types of DNA damage, and how that damage could alter base-pairing and lead to mutation?

b.      What types of errors/damage are corrected by mismatch repair, base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair?

c.       What is the function of a DNA glycosylase? DNA photolyase?

d.      What are the most deleterious types of DNA damage? Can you think of examples of how these types of damage are exploited in therapeutics?

Initial PART H:

DNA recombination and double-strand break repair

a.      What is a DNA synapse?

b.      What is required for homologous recombination?

c.       Why is nonhomologous end joining relatively error prone? What types of mutations introduced during NHEJ can lead to gene knockout?

Explanation / Answer

a. The replication initiation begins at the origin of replication sites. This origin of replication sites binds to the pre replication sites which involves in the recognition and unwinding to began the copy of the DNA.

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