Question 27 Which one of the following is NOT associated with translation? rRNA

Question

Question 27

Which one of the following is NOT associated with translation?

rRNA

mRNA

tRNA

anticodon

All are involved with translation.

1 points

Question 28

During translation, the _____ site within the ribosome holds the growing amino acid chain while the ____ site holds the next amino acid to be added to the chain.

A, P

P, A

P, E

A, E

E, P

1 points

Question 29

In bacteria, the sequence that initiates translation is called the:

-35 consensus sequence.

promoter.

-10 consensus sequence.

Shine-Dalgarno sequence.

Kozak sequence.

1 points

Question 30

How do germ-line mutations differ from somatic mutations?

Germ-line mutations involve small changes to DNA such as base-pair substitutions, while somatic mutations usually involve large deletions.

Germ-line mutations occur during DNA replication, while somatic mutations do not.

Germ-line mutations result in mutant gametes, while somatic mutations do not.

Germ-line mutations are reversible, while somatic mutations are not.

Germ-line mutations result in cancers, while somatic mutations do not.

1 points

Question 31

Which of the following base changes in DNA is an example of a transition?

A-to-C

G-to-C

C-to-A

A-to-G

A-to-T

1 points

Question 32

Which of the following types of mutations does NOT lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of the gene product?

Missense

Nonsense

Neutral

Silent

Insertion

rRNA

mRNA

tRNA

anticodon

All are involved with translation.

Explanation / Answer

27) The correct option is All are involved with translation.

In translation, mRNA is decoded in a ribosome and produce a specific amino acid chain. The amino acids or polypeptides later folds into an active protein and performs its function. The ribosome helps decoding by inducing the binding of complementary tRNA anticodon sequences to mRNA codons. The ribosome translate this code to a specific sequence of amino acids. The ribosome is a multi-subunit structure, which contains rRNA and proteins.

28) The correct option is P, A.

During translation, the P site within the ribosome hold the growing amino acid chain while the A site holds the next amino acid to be added to the chain.

29) The correct option is Shine-Dalgarno sequence.

The initiator tRNA interacts with the start codon AUG of the mRNA and carries a formylated methionine. fMet is inserted at the N terminus of every polypeptide chain and synthesized by E. coli in the process of initiation. In E. coli mRNA, leader sequence upstream of the first AUG codon, known as the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which interacts with the help of complementary base pairing with the rRNA molecules.

30) The correct option is Germ-line mutations result in mutant gametes, while somatic mutations do not.

All other options are not suitable. Both involves small changes to DNA and occur during the process of DNA replication. Both are reversible and can result in cancers. But only germ line mutation results in mutant gametes, while somatic mutations do not.

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