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Fascinated by the immune responses to helminth pathogens (worms), you make an IL

ID: 215102 • Letter: F

Question

Fascinated by the immune responses to helminth pathogens (worms), you make an IL-5 knockout mouse (IL-5-/-) and infect them with worm larva (Schistosoma sp.). You notice that although the helminths are heavily coated with IgE antibody, they are never cleared from your IL-5 knockout mice.

Why are worms still able to be coated with IgE antibody in IL-5-/- mice? 1 – 2 sentences.

Describe the mechanism by which an IgE coated worm is normally killed, and why are they not killed in IL-5 -/- mice? Be specific. 2 – 4 sentences

The eggs shed by the helminth release toxins that destroy surrounding tissue. Describe the cellular immune response required to destroy eggs and neutralize these toxins. 2 – 4 sentences

Explanation / Answer

ANSWER:

Anti-IL-5 antibodies also block eosinophilia however don't have an effect on worm expulsion

Eosinophils and/or IL-5 square measure essential parts of the innate protecting immunologic response . In CXCR2-deficient mice that have a severe defect within the enlisting of neutrophils, impaired protection against primary infection with S. stercoralis occurred that was corresponding to that seen in eosinophil-depleted mice

The proof for the singular contribution of eosinophils to immunology in worm infections is unequivocal. Indeed, it's well recognized that the mechanisms that eosinophils deploy to destroy a target will cause injury of host tissue, unless this method is tightly regulated. The degree of immunology that a worm infection induces within the human host relies on 2principal factors. Firstly, once humans square measure non-permissive hosts, the chance of immunology is exaggerated , relative to infection with a parasite capable of traditional development.