Problem 2: In tissue engineering, it is of great importance that the scaffold ma
ID: 215186 • Letter: P
Question
Problem 2: In tissue engineering, it is of great importance that the scaffold material implanted facilitate the ingrowth of new vasculature. This will ensure that the newly grown tissue in the scaffold can be sustained by blood flow. It was shown previously that decorating the scaffolc with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can greatly improve the ingrowth of new vasculature in and through the implanted scaffold. It is also known that VEGF (a protein growth factor) denatures at 45 C, losing its bioactivity when heated above this temperature. However, freezing VEGF does not alter its bioactivity. You'd like to create a gelatin scaffold that is decorated with bio-active VEGF proteins. Note that gelatin gels must be heated to at least 60 C and then cooled in order to form a 3D scaffold. Outline your strategy for decorating a gelatin scaffold with VEGF. Specifically, pay careful attention to (i) the order in which you decorate things and (i) what kind of structure you will give your gel and how you will go about achieving that structure.Explanation / Answer
Answer:
strategy for decorating a gelatin scaffold with VEGF:
Vascularization is a critical process during bone regeneration/repair and the lack of tissue vascularization is recognized as a major challenge in applying bone tissue engineering methods for cranial and maxillofacial surgeries.
The aim of our study is to fabricate a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded gelatin/alginate/-TCP composite scaffold by the 3D printing method using a computer-assisted design (CAD) model.
The in vitro release kinetics of the loaded VEGF revealed that the designed scaffolds fulfill the bioavailability of VEGF required for vascularization in the early stages of tissue regeneration. The results were confirmed by two times increment of the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) seeded on the scaffolds after 10 days. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds, 98±11MPa, was found to be in the range of cancellous bone suggesting their potential application for craniofacial tissue engineering. Osteoblast culture on the scaffolds showed that the construct supports cell viability, adhesion, and proliferation. It was found that the ALP activity increased over 50% using VEGF-loaded scaffolds after 2 weeks of culture.
The 3D printed gelatin/alginate/-TCP scaffold with slow releasing of VEGF can be considered as a potential candidate for regeneration of craniofacial defects.
The presence of VEGF-SNPs in the scaffold significantly improved cell proliferation and viability in vitro.
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