2. You work in a lab that characterizes different types of cells. Your coworker
ID: 215714 • Letter: 2
Question
2. You work in a lab that characterizes different types of cells. Your coworker gives you a new cell type (Mystery cells) for you to characterize. Your coworker forgot to tell you whether the cells were obtained from normal tissue or malignant (cancerous) tissue. It is your job to determine the cell type is normal or malignant. To do so, you run a series of experiments on the mystery cells and compare the results with a well-characterized normal cell type. You culture both the normal (control) and mystery cells with or without 2DG (a hexokinase inhibitor). At the appropriate times, you process the cells using different assays. Control Cells 14 -Mystery Cells Control Cell+2DG 1Mystery Cells+2DG 25 E 1.2 E 20 0.8 e 0.6 0.4 0.2 24 48 72 Time (hours) Control Cells Mystery Cells ControlMystery Cell+2DG Cells+2 13 Control Cells Mystery Cells Control ControMystery Cell+2DG Cells+2DGExplanation / Answer
1 ANS =Glycolysis is a oxidative process in which one mole of glucose is partially oxidized into the two mol;es of pyruvate in a series of enzyme- catalyzed reactions. it is unique pathway that occurs in both aerobic as well as anarobic conditions and does not involve molecular oxygen.the net reaction of glycolysis 2NADH, 2ATP IS OBTAINED.
fir5st step of glycolysis is phosphorylation.
GLUCOSE IS PHOSPHORYLATED BY ATP TO FORM A GLUCOSE 6- PHOSPHATE. THE negative charge of phosphate prevents the passage of the glucose 6 phosphate through the plasma membrane, trapping glucose inside the cell. this irreversible reaction reaction is catalyzed by hexokinase. hexokinase is present in all cells of the orgabnism.
2 ANS=In cancer cells metabolic activity is high they devide uncontrolled. so cancer cells require more energy .then cancer cells rely more glycolysis to generate ATP as compare to the normal cell for regulation of cells. Hexokinase RESPONSIBLE FOR THE FIRST STEP OF GLYCOLYSIS . GLYCOLYSIS IS INCREASES THEN HEXOKINASE ACTIVITY IS ALSO INCREASES . AS COMPARE THEN NORMAL CELL.
3 ANS=TUMAR A IS RESULT OF MYSTERY CEL INJECTION. IN FIGURE A TO D MYSTERY CELLS SHOW MORE GLYCOLYSIS ACTIVITY, MORE ATP PRODUCTION , MORE HEXOKINASE ACTIVITY AND MORE PROLIFERATION AS COMPARE TO THE NORMAT CONTROL AND MYSTERY CELLTREATED WITH HEXOKINASE INHIBEATER OR NORMAL CELL TRAETED HEXOKINASE .
4 2DG IS HEXOKINASE INHIBITOR IT INHIBIT HEXOKINASE ACTIVITY SO CELL LESS PRODUCE ATP . IN CANCER CELL REQUIRED MORE ENERGY FOR PROLIFERATION AND ITS REGULATION . BUT AFTER TREATED WITH 2DG PRODUCTION OF ATP IS LOW SO CELL IS LESS PROLIFERATE SO TUMER SIZE IS LESS AS COMPARE TO 2DG TREATED CELL AND MYSTERY CELL WITHOUT TREATED 2DG.
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