sequences of each mRNA transcript. Keep in mind that the newly transcribed mRNA

Question

sequences of each mRNA transcript. Keep in mind that the newly transcribed mRNA molecule is complementary to the template DNA sequence. Then use the genetic code to translate the mRNA sequence into its amino acid sequence. Example 1: Original DNA Sequence: TACACCTTGGCGACGACT Transcribed Product: Translated Product Original DNA Sequence: TACACCTTGO, C G A C G A C T Mutated DNA Sequence #1: T A C A T C T T G G C G A C G A C T Transcribed Product: ? Translated Product: Identify the type of mutation Predict if this mutation will affect the product? How? Original DNA Sequence: Mutated DNA Sequence #2: TACACCTTGGCGACGACT TACGACCTTGGCGACGACT Transcribed Product Translated Product Identify the type of mutation Predict if this mutation will affect the product? How? Original DNA Sequence: TACACCTTGGCGACGACT Mutated DNA Sequence #3: TACACCTTAGCGACGACT Transcribed Product: Translated Product: Identify the type of mutation Predict if this mutation will affect the product? How? Although the process described above seems relatively easy, gene and genome nucleotide sequences are far longer than the short sequence presented in this exercise. Handling this

Explanation / Answer

DNA template----3' TACACCTTGGCGACGACT 5'

transcribed product mRNA----5' AUGUGGAACCGCUGCUGA 3'

translated product protein--methionine tryptophan asparagine arginine cysteine

1) After MUTATION

mutated template 3' TACATCTTGGCGACGACT 5'

transcribed product 5' AUGUAGAACCGCUGCUGA 3'

translated product protein--methionine

This type of mutation is called non sense mutaion since an alteration in a gene has result in the premature termination of translation. In this case a single base mutation has changed thetryptophane coding gene into a stop codon UAG.

2) mutated template 3' TACGACCTTGGCGACGACT 5'

transcribed product mRNA----5' AUGCUGGAACCGCUGCUGA 3'

translated product protein---methionine leucine glutamate proline leucine leucine

This type of mutation is called frameshift mutation. Here insertion of a base G in the template has changed the reading frame of the gene. Here the product has changed with new set of amino acids.

3) mutated DNA template----3' TACACCTTAGCGACGACT 5'

transcribed product mRNA----5' AUGUGGAAUCGCUGCUGA 3'

translated product protein--methionine tryptophan asparagine arginine cysteine

There was a point mutation in this acse but a change in a single nucleotide from C to U does not cause a change in the amino acid coded. So here despite of a point mutation the protein product remains the same as the original.

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