The chromosomes in eukaryotic cells are composed by structures called nucleosome

Question

The chromosomes in eukaryotic cells are composed by structures called nucleosomes (“beads on a string”) which contribute to the chromosomal highly condensed nature. The following statement is incorrect regarding chromosomes.

a) Besides histones, other proteins are present in the chromosomes (i.e., scaffold proteins, single-stranded DNA-binding proteins, etc.)

b) Analysis of primary structure of histone proteins reveals a high proportion of basic amino acyl residues (e.g. arginine and lysine).

c) Histones can be chemically modified by phosphate, methylation and acetylation.

d) In somatic cells, eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of two or more circular DNA molecules devoid of proteins.

e) Histone proteins in nucleosomes are octameric cores (H2A/H2B/H3/H4)2 and a single H1.

Explanation / Answer

D) FALSE . In somatic cells, eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of two or more circular DNA molecules devoid of proteins.

Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones proteins. these Make linear chromosome compact so that it can easily fit inside nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome linear exception mitochodrial DNA which is circular but have lots of protein attach to it. EXAMPLE mtSSB in the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

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