Why must a horizontally moving projectile have a large speed to become an Earth

Question

Why must a horizontally moving projectile have a large speed to become an Earth satellite? A projectile falls beneath the straight line path it follows if there were no gravity. How many meters does it fall below this line if it has been travelling for 1 sec and for 2 sec? Assume acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/se2.

Problem 4: A canon ball shots with an initial velocity of 141 m/s at an angle of 45o follows a parabolic path and hits a balloon at the top of its trajectory. Neglecting air resistance, what is the speed of the cannon ball when it hits the balloon?

Problem 5:(a) Earth is closer to the sun in December than in June. In which of these two months is Earth moving faster around the sun and why? (b)Why does the force of gravity changes the speed of the satellite when it is in elliptical orbit but not when it is in a circular orbit?

Explanation / Answer

A horizontally moving projectile must have a large speed to become an Earth satellite, because it needs to over come the earth's gravitational force. For a satelite it is needed that it is out of the range of earth's gravity otherwise it will faal back on the earth. You can't calculate at how much distance will it falll after one or two seconds with knowing only value of time (1 or 2 sec) and g=9.8 m/sec2 becuse you need to know the value of initial velocity at which it is projected. Hope you got the answer. Problem 4: Initial velocity of canon ball shots = 141 m/s angle of projection = 45o Path is parabolic path Formula Speed of cannon ball at the top of projectory = ho/to ho = ((141)^2 sin^2 (45)) / 2 x 9.8 m/s^2 to = (Vo sin(45)) / 9.8 m/s^2 so Speed of cannon ball at the top of projectory = 49.86 m/s Problem 5: a) Earth is closer to the sun in December than in June. Earth is moving faster around the sun in the month

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