Transmembrane receptors have an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and

Question

Transmembrane receptors have an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an
intracellular domain. (1 point each, 2 points total)
A. Would you expect a cell's response to EGF to be more or less sensitive to the fluidity of the
plasma membrane than its response to insulin?
__________________________
B. Why? (In the space of one line)
5. In your lab, you have several cell lines, some of which are normal, some of which are transformed
(cancerous). While preparing several tubes of cells for sterile cell culture, the ethanol used to
disinfect the outside of the tubes also washed off the labels. The only option to identify the cell
lines was to experimentally test each of them. Please answer the following questions (4 points
total). Name 2 different assays (1 point each) that can be used to distinguish between normal and
cancer cells and briefly describe the results for each cell line if they were A cancerous or B normal
cells (0,5 points each).
A. Assay 1 _____________________________
Results:
i. Cancerous behavior – _____________________________
ii. Normal behavior – _____________________________
B. Assay 2 _____________________________
Results:
i. Cancerous behavior – _____________________________
ii. Normal behavior – _____________________________
6. An infection in the peritoneum of a lab rat elicited the response and infiltration of neutrophils. The
animal was treated as below and the recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneum (elicited
peritoneal lymphocytes) was examined. Statistically significant p values, lower than 0.05, from the
statistical analysis of antibody-treated cells versus saline were marked with an asterisk ‘*’. Answer
the following questions that pertain to the graph below. (4 marks)

A. What is the effect, if any, of using an antibody against selectin to the recruitment of lymphocytes
to inflamed peritoneum? (2 points)
B. What is the effect, if any, of using purified IgG (nonspecific antibody)? Choose from: increase,
decrease, no effect) (1 point)
___________________
C. Why is purified IgG (nonspecific antibody) being used? (1 point)

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

(a). Transmembrane receptors have an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. A cells response to epidermal growth factor is more sensitive to the fluidity of the plasma membrane than insulin.

(b). This is because, insulin-independent glucose transporters determine the flexibility of membrane determined by the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids ratio. The transfer of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids directly influences the decrease in glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity.

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