Tissue perfusion is HUGE and will come back to you later in the semester. Know w

Question

Tissue perfusion is HUGE and will come back to you later in the semester. Know where tissue prefusion occurs, how capillaries are critical for this and the pressures that are important for tissue perfusion - focus on osmotic and capillary hydrostatic pressure. Tissue hydrostatic pressure is a minor player in the process. This is where you need to be able to think and put stuff together. All the things that affect Cardiac output - how do they affect blood pressure? So, then blood pressure is pretty regulated but can become high or low due to disease - how does an increase or decrease in BP affect tissue perfusion? What might cause edema (accumulation of fluid in the tissues)? What role does the liver play in this?

Explanation / Answer

18) Tissue perfusion is the circulation of blood through the vascular bed tissue.The micro circulation generally taken to include the arteries, arteriols,capillaries and venules. Exchange of gases,neutrients,metabolities between the blodd and tissues occurs lmost exclusively in the microcirculation and adequate perfusion via the microcirculatory network is essential for the integrity of the tissue and organ function. Inorder to over this perfusion, microcirculation is the only way for the prevention of tissue perfusion. Some of the examples of the perfusion are Renal,cerebral,cardiopulmonary,gastrointestinal,peripheral etc...

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE: Hydrostatic pressure means blood is pumped under high pressure.Capillaries are not water tight. They are one cell thick,not much of barrier when pressure inside is higher than outside..The blood pressure forces fluid out of capillaries.

OSMOTIC PRESSURE: The counter balannce to this loss of water is Osmotic pressure.By making sure blood has lots of solutes to dissolve in it,blood tends to be slightly more hypertonic than the surrounding interstitial fluid.This tends to keep the water inside the blood vessel. So the two forces are working against eachother. Blood pressure is forcing water out and osmotic pressure forces are trying to keep blood in. This kind of process is known as Osmotic pressure.

19) More tahn 60% of the overall peripheral resistance of the circulatory system arises at the level of microcirculation. The primary function of microcirculation is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.Perfusion occurs due to the improper supply of oxygen and nutrients for the tissues and this leads to increase in the Blood Pressure. Increase of blood pressure leads to improper supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and finally leads to Tissue Perfusion.

Accumilation of fluid in the tissue is known as edema.When the fluid volume within the interstitial compartment which is nothing but space between the cells and blood vessels. If this interstitial compartment increases, it leads to the swelling of the tissue which is also known as "edema". When the excess fluid accumilates within the peritoneal space i.e,,space between the abdominal wall and the organs which is called as "ascites." Accumilation of fluid in the tissues also effect the abdomen and leads to a disease knonw as cirrhosis.

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