can you please answer the following questions in a short and easy way to remembe

Question

can you please answer the following questions in a short and easy way to remember for an exam. thanks. this is for introduction to biology. please check your grammar and typos. thank you.

16. explain why water is referred to as a "universal" solvent.

17. briefly explain what the pH scale represents.

18. given the pH value of a substance, indicate if it is acidic, basic, or neutral

19. using examples, briefly explain how the cohesive properties of water are illustrated.

20. differentiate between inorganic and organic compounds.

21. explain the importance of carbon to organic molecules.

22. using an example, explain why the shape of organic molecules can be important in biology.

23. define monomer and polymer; give examples

24. give examples and list the functions of each of the following found in living organisms:
   *carbohydrates: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides.
*lipds: trigylcerides, phospholipids, steroids
   *proteins
*nucleic acids

25. name two examples of nucleic acids

Explanation / Answer

1)

Water is called the "universal solvent" because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other. this is because The hydrogen side of each water (H2O) molecule carries a slight positive electric charge, while the oxygen side carries a slight negative electric charge helping water to dissociate ionic compounds into their positive and negative ions. The positive part of an ionic compound is attracted to the oxygen side of water while the negative portion of the compound is attracted to the hydrogen side of the water.

2)The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic. The pH scale is logarithmic and as a result, each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value

3) pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Pure water is said to be neutral, with a pH close to 7.0 Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline.

4)

Water molecules stay close to each other due to hydrogen bonds between water molecules. this property is called cohesion.These hydrogen bonds are constantly breaking, with new bonds being formed with different water molecule.Water is highly cohesive—it is the highest of the non-metallic liquids. the positive and negative charges of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that make up water molecules makes them atttracted to each other

5)The most common differennce between organic and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds result from the activity of living beings, whereas inorganic compounds are either the result of natural processes unrelated to any life form or the result of human experimentation in the laboratory

The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon.

6)

Carbon is an atom that can bond in a variety of ways with other atoms. A molecule of a single carbon atom with a single hydrogen atom is known as a "hydrocarbon." This is the building block of all organic molecules. Carbon's electron shell has certain atomic characteristics that allow the hydrocarbon molecule to arrange itself in different structures.thats why its important to all organic molecules

8)A polymer is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.

A monomer is a molecule that may bind chemically to other molecules to form a polymer.

examples:)Monomers: Amino acids, monosaccharides, nucleic acid, glycerol and fatty acids, glucose, fructose, galactose

Polymers: Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleotides, lipids, maltose, sucrose, lactose

9)dna rna

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