Active Figure 5.16 Static and Kinetic Frictional Forces The direction of the for

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Active Figure 5.16 Static and Kinetic Frictional Forces The direction of the force of friction f between a trash can and a rough surface is opposite the direction of the applied force F in the simulation below. When the magnitude of the applied force exceeds the magnitude of the maximum force of static friction, the trash can breaks free. The graph shows the friction force vs. the applied force. Instructions: Use the slider to adjust the applied force F and click start. What value do you have to reach in order to make the trash can move? Exploration 1 A horizontal force F is applied to the trash can. This force tends to move the can to the right. The applied force is opposed by a frictional force f. This frictional force may be a static friction force, a limiting frictional force or a kinetic friction force. To demonstrate the above, increase the applied force from zero to its limiting value. A graph of the friction force f opposing any motion or tendency to move is shown plotted against F in the upper part of the screen. In this case, since the directions of the two forces are opposite, the resultant force has magnitude equal to the difference between F and f. Increase the value of F until the resultant is about to reach a non-zero value. This is the limiting frictional force in this situation. Enter your observation below. Limiting value of the static friction: fs = musn = N Observe that for a value of f equal to or less than this limiting value, no motion follows. Confirm by clicking the start button. Exploration 2 Increase F to a value greater then its limiting value (that is, when the resultant force in non-zero) and observe that the trash can accelerates to the right. In this and similar circumstances, the friction force has fallen from its static, limiting value and rapidly approaches its kinetic value of fk. Exercise 5.16 Suppose that the limiting value of static friction for the trash can is 32.1 N, and that the coefficient of static friction is 0.76. What is the weight of the trash can and its contents? N If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.5497, what is the force of kinetic friction? N

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