QUESTION 10 Determine whether each of the following is a characteristic of DNA p

Question

QUESTION 10

Determine whether each of the following is a characteristic of DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, both or neither.

­___Dependent on a RNA template

___Polymerizes in the 5’ 3’ direction

___Requires deoxynucleotide triphosphate

___Dependent on a DNA template

___Has 3’ 5’ exonuclease proofreading activity

___Uses adenine as a nitrogenous base

___Uses thymine as a nitrogenous base

___Catalyzes phosphodiester bond formation

___Requires a RNA primer

A.

RNA polymerase only

B.

DNA polymerase only

C.

Both

D.

Neither

­___Dependent on a RNA template

___Polymerizes in the 5’ 3’ direction

___Requires deoxynucleotide triphosphate

___Dependent on a DNA template

___Has 3’ 5’ exonuclease proofreading activity

___Uses adenine as a nitrogenous base

___Uses thymine as a nitrogenous base

___Catalyzes phosphodiester bond formation

___Requires a RNA primer

A.

RNA polymerase only

B.

DNA polymerase only

C.

Both

D.

Neither

Explanation / Answer

DNA polymerase is the enzyme which makes the use of RNA as a template for the synthesis of complementary DNA strand.It is produced by HIV and other viruses to produce complementary DNA strand from Viral RNA.it thus helps in the replication of viruses and in mammalian cells produces pseudogenes.

RNA dependent RNA polymerase or Replicase is an enzyme which helps in the replication of RNA from an RNA template.

DNA polymerase is the enzyme which helps in the replication of DNA molecules.It reads the DNA strand sequence and produces two identical DNA strands which are similar to the existing one.

DNA dependent RNA polymerase is the enzyme which uses DNA as a template and helps in the synthesis of RNA strand from DNA.It copies DNA in to RNA.

RNA polymerase uses only adenine , Guanine and cytosine nitrogenous base pairs. Thymine is absent in it which is replaced by Uracil.

DNA polymerase uses all the four nitrogenase base pairs namely adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.

Both DNA and RNA polymerases require Deoxy nucleotide triphosphate.

RNA primer is a short strand of RNA that initiates DNA replication ,DNA polymerase is the enzyme which initiates DNA replication. SO only DNA polymerase requires an RNA Primer.

DNA polymerase moves along the 3’ 5 direction so polymerisation takes place in this direction and the newly formed strand moves in the opposite direction.

DNA polymerase has Has 3’ 5’ exonuclease proofreading activity.

RNA polymerase moves along the 3’ 5 direction so polymerisation takes place in this direction and the newly formed strand moves in the opposite direction. This takes place both in transcription and translation.

Both DNA and RNA polymerases catalyzes the phosphodiester bond formation.

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