1. Question 1 (15 marks) - Provide answers for the following questions: a. Name
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1. Question 1 (15 marks) - Provide answers for the following questions: a. Name 3 sources of "extrinsic noise" and briefly describe noise reduction techniques to reduce "extrinsic noise" b. Briefly state the sampling theorem. Why this is important in instrumentation? c. A researcher is interested in measuring several parameters on a pig barn including temperature and air flow at 10 locations throughout the barn, overall ventilation rate (ventilation fans removing air from insides the barn), and humidity of the exhaust air. The measurements are to be stored in a computer and the measurement should be taken more than once every ten minutes Accuracy of 1% is desirable. Provide a functional block diagram of an instrumentation system that performs these functions. Describe the transducers that would be most feasible, giving your reasons for those choices. Describe the interfacing required for each of the transducers that y have selected. Also, give the constraints on the analog to digital conversion process used to acquire the measurements.Explanation / Answer
a. The noise is classified into intrinsic and extrinsic (external) in any communication system based on their source.
The extrinsic noise are not dependent on the system and instead depends on the surrounding where the system is kept. It is classified into:
The extrinsic noise can only be reduced by keeping the system in disturbance free medium (calm atmosphere with no major industrial loa in viciniy).
b. Nyquist Sampling theorom: It states that the minimum sampling frequency (Fs) needed to extract information (signal) from a combination of signal is twice the frequency of highest frequency avaliable in the system (Fm)
Thus the condition Fs>2Fm
has to be satisfied such that no information is lost, It is important in instrumentation as it helps to decide sampling frequency without any information loss.
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