Which chemical reaction does carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyze? Why is the reacti

Question

Which chemical reaction does carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyze? Why is the reaction of key physiological importance? Consider the following data regarding the behavior of CA in the presence of an inhibitor. What is happening to the key kinetic parameters, as far as you can tell, in the presence of acetazolamide? What kind of inhibition is being exhibited? Another CA inhibitor is EDTA, which chelates metal cations. What is the mechanism of EDTA inhibition? How do you expect it to affect CAs kinetic parameters?

Explanation / Answer

Carbonic anhydrase is the major enzyme in kidney that regulates the acid and base balance. Carbon dioxide and water combined to form H2CO3, which is catalyzing by carbonic anhydrase activity. This H2CO3 plays important role in dibasic phosphate buffer system and ammonia buffer system. Acetazolamide inhibits the carbonic anhydrase activity laeds to decrease in intracellular H2CO3 formation and thus decrease in H+ formation in tubular cells and finally leads to decrease h+ secretion, increased K+ secretion and decreases in bicarbonate reabsorption. Calcium disodium edetate is the major chelating agent for the many metals like lead, cadmium, chromium used in their poisoning. Inhibition of edetate Also leads to similar reactions of acetazolamide.

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