Problem 9.57 Most geologists believe that the dinosaurs became extinct 65 millio

Question

Problem 9.57 Most geologists believe that the dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago when a large comet or asteroid struck the earth, throwing up so much dust that the sun was blocked out for a period of many months. Suppose an asteroid with a diameter of 5.0 km and a mass of 2.5x1014 kg hits the earth with an impact speed of 4.0x104 m/s Part A What is the earth's recoil speed after such a collision? Assume that the mass of the earth is 5.98 24 kg. (use a reference frame in which the earth was initially at rest.) Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units recoil Value Units Submit My Answers Give Up incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining Part B What percentage is this of the earth's speed around the sun? Assume that the orbit of the earth is a circle with the radius of 1.5.10 11 m. Express your answer using two significant figures. recoil orbital Submit My Answers Give U incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining Provide Feedback Continue

Explanation / Answer

we will solve it on basis of conservation of momentum , m*v

comparing momentum for both earth and asteroid

2.5*10^11 *4*10^4 = 5.98*10^24 *v

so recoil speed of earth is = 1.672*10-9 m/s

b. speed around sun = 2*pi*1.5*10^11 /(365*24*60*60)   m/s

V = 29885.7 m/s

% of recoil speed wrt to speed around sun

% = (1.672*10-9 / 29885.7)*100

percentage velocity = 5.59*10-12 %

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