13. An instrument is being played at a frequency of 440 Hz. a. What is the frequ

Question

13. An instrument is being played at a frequency of 440 Hz. a. What is the frequency of a note that is an octave higher? b. an octave lower? 14. In the equal tempered scale, the interval is 1.05946. Starting with a frequency of 500 Hz a. what is the frequency of the next higher note? b. what is the frequency of the next lower note to 500 Hz? 15. If the bell of a woodwind instrument (such as a clarinet) is blocked, Will this affect the radiated sound of the instrument significantly? Briefly state your reason 16. What effect does the bell of a brass instrument have on the resonant frequencies in the instrument?

Explanation / Answer

13. Frequency at an octave higher is 880 Hz and an octave lower is 220 Hz.

14. fn = f0 * (a)n where f0 = 500 Hz , a = 1.05946 and n = 1 and -1 respectively for both the cases.

Therefore for part a) fn = 500 x 1.05946 = 529.73

part b) fn = 500 / 1.05946 = 471.93 Hz.

15. No it will not affect the radiated sound significantly because open tone holes contribute to sound radiation in addition to the bell end in a clarinet. The main function of bell is to form a smooth impedance transition from the interior of the bore to the surrounding air.

16. Brass instruments have better impedance matching. Bell forces the lower resonance upwards.

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