A proton, a deuteron (a hydrogen nucleus containing one proton and one neutron),

Question

A proton, a deuteron (a hydrogen nucleus containing one proton and one neutron), and an alpha particle (a helium nucleus consisting of two protons and two neutrons) initially at rest are all accelerated through the same distance in the uniform electric field created by a very large charged plate.

Compare their final kinetic energies.

Kp=Kd=K

Kp=Kd=2K

Kp=Kd=K/2

Kp=Kd/2=K/4

Compare their final momentum magnitudes.

Compare their final speeds.

vp=2vd=2v

Compare their time intervals needed to cover the distance.

Explanation / Answer

For hydrogen let the mass be M and charge Q

For dueteron let the mass be 2M and charge Q

For alpha particle let the mass be 4M and charge 2Q

Change in Kinetic energy will be the work done by the field which is charge into potential difference

H = QEd

D = QEd

Alpha = 2QEd

Hence ,Kp=Kd=K/2 is true

2) Momentum = sqrt (2*KE*M)

Mh = sqrt (2*KE*M)

Md = sqrt (2*KE*2M)

M = sqrt (2*2KE*4M)

Mh = Md/sqrt (2) = M/sqrt (8)

3) Speed will be given by

V = sqrt (2* KE /M)

Vh = 2* Vd= 2 *V

4) Time depends on accelration on each particle

t = sqrt (2 * a /s)

ah = QE/M

ad = QE/2M

aalpha = QE/2M

Hence the relation for t will be

sqrt (2) Th = Td = Talpha

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