Question 1 1. Earth crossing asteroids are: a. the asteroids that will hit Earth

Question

Question 1 1.

Earth crossing asteroids are:

a. the asteroids that will hit Earth.

b. the bodies that are leftovers of large asteroids from the Kuiper Belt.

c. the bodies the size of dwarf planets.

d. the asteroids with highly elliptical orbits that reach Earth’s orbit at a distance of less than 1.3 AU.

e. All of the above. 5 points

Question 2 1.

Venus is often called the Earth's "twin sister” planet because:

a. Venus has formed together with Earth.

b. Venus has size and mass comparable to that of Earth.

c. Venus has the same rotation rate as that of Earth (24h).

d. Venus has the same revolution rate as that of Earth (1 year)

e. None of the above. 5 points

Question 3 1.

The Kuiper Belt is:

a. a larger version of the asteroid belt observed in other planetary systems.

b. a region beyond Neptune's orbit to 55 AU.

c. composed mostly of frozen volatiles such as methane, ammonia, and water.

d. the source of the Near Earth Objects that may present danger to life on Earth.

e. Both b) and c) 5 points

Question 4 1.

C-type asteroids are composed of:

a. gold, platinum, iridium, and palladium.

b. water ice, carbon-rich volatiles and iron.

c. mostly iron and magnesium silicates.

d. mostly uranium-235 and uranium-238.

e. All of the above. 5 points

Question 5 1.

Earth is the only planet in the solar system that:

a. shows current volcanic and tectonic activity.

b. contains liquid water on its surface.

c. harbors life.

d. contains oxygen in its atmosphere.

e. All of the above. 5 points

Question 6 1.

Venusian surface cannot be directly observed from Earth because:

a. the planet of very far from us.

b. its size is too small.

c. it rotates too fast.

d. its atmosphere contains thick carbon dioxide rich clouds.

e. None of the above. 5 points

Question 7 1.

Terrestrial planets have:

a. smaller average densities, smaller sizes, and shorter rotation periods than gas giant planets.

b. higher average densities, greater sizes, and less numbers of moons than gas giants.

c. smaller average densities, smaller sizes, longer rotation periods, and fewer moons than gas giants.

d. smaller average densities and are located in the outer region of the solar system. 5 points

Question 8 1.

Neptune was first discovered using:

a. the Hubble Space Telescope observations.

b. amateur telescopic observations.

c. infrared observations.

d. theoretical predictions.

e. space probe Voyager. 5 points

Question 9 1.

The reddish color of Mars is mostly due:

a. to scattering of the sunlight on nitrogen molecules in the dense Martian atmosphere

. b. to enrichment of its surface with iron-rich minerals.

c. to the scattering of sunlight on dust particles kicked up into the Martian atmosphere.

d. Both A and C.

e. Both B and C. 5 points

Question 10 1.

The Oort's cloud is:

a. the inner part of the solar system that contains comets with circular orbits around the Sun.

b. a region between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter that contains hundreds of short-period comets.

c. the outer region of the solar system that contains highly elongated orbits around the Sun with random inclination with respect to the ecliptic.

d. the major source of meteoroids in the solar system.

e. None of the above.

Question 11 1.

The main part of a comet:

a. is an ion tail

b. is a dusty tail.

c. is a small piece of porous rock called the nucleus.

d. contains mostly frozen water, carbon dioxide and ammonia

. e. Both C and D. 5 points

Question 12 1.

Asteroids in the Asteroid Belt:

a. orbit the Sun in prograde motion and have elliptical orbits.

b. orbit the Sun in retrograde motion and have elliptical orbits.

c. have circular orbits around Earth.

d. are located mostly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

e. Both A and D. 5 points

Question 13 1.

Mercury has: a. the most eccentric orbit among the planets in the solar system.

b. the oldest surface among the planets.

c. the highest density among the planets.

d. the least explored surface.

e. All of the above. 5 points

Question 14 1.

Radiation pressure exerted by sunlight on the coma's molecules and dust:

a. creates cometary tails oriented toward the Sun.

b. creates cometary tails always away from the Sun.

c. creates the part of the solar wind that affects Earth.

d. pushes comets away from the Sun.

e. pushes comets toward Earth. 5 points

Question 15 1.

The atmosphere of Jupiter contains mostly:

a. oxygen and nitrogen.

b. hydrogen, helium, and hydrogen compounds.

c. hydrogen and oxygen.

d. frozen water and ammonia.

e. None of the above. 5 points

Question 16 1.

The chemical composition of Saturn resembles:

a. Earth's atmosphere.

b. the Martian atmosphere.

c. the atmosphere of Jupiter.

d. Venusian atmosphere.

e. None of the above. 5 points

Question 17 1.

Great Red Spot is:

a. a concentration of strong magnetic field in the atmosphere of Neptune.

b. a giant persistent swirling storm in the atmosphere of Jupiter.

c. a concentration of rust on the surface of Mars.

d. three times larger than Earth in its extent.

e. Both B and D. 5 points

Question 18 1.

Meteoroids are:

a. largest asteroids in the Asteroid Belt.

b. cometary nuclei.

c. boulder-size fragments of asteroids created during asteroid collisions.

d. dwarf planets.

e. None of the above. 5 points

Question 19 1.

A planet can support an atmosphere if:

a. it has enough craters.

b. it has enough water on its surface.

c. it has enough mass.

d. it is not hot.

e. C and D.

f. A and D.

g. All of the above. 5 points

Question 20 1.

Which statement best describes the greenhouse gas effect?

a. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere cause sunlight to scatter so that the sky appears blue.

b. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the Sun’s energy and use it to warm up Earth.

c. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to air pollution, which is harmful to the environment.

d. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap some of the energy leaving Earth’s surface, therefore maintaining warm temperatures essential for life on Earth.

e. All of the above.

f. None of the above.

Explanation / Answer

11. Earth crossing asteroids cross the Earth's orbit within 7.5 km of the Earth and they are present with the size more than 100 meters to maximum of 1 km. There is a possibility of hitting Earth by these crossing asteroids. Hence, the correct option is (a).

21. Venus is called as twin sister of the earth since its size and mass are closer to the Earth's size and mass. Hence, the correct option is (b).

31. Both b and c are the correct statement about Kupier belt. Hence, the correct option is (e).

41. C-type asteroids are generally carbon rich with volatile material and water. Hence, the correct option is (b).

51. All the given options about the earth are true. Hence, the correct option is (e).

61. Since Venus is covered by its atmosphere, which is composed of carbon dioxide rich cloud, it cannot be seen from the Earth directly. Hence, the correct option is (d).

71. Terrestrial planets have larger densities with smaller sizes than the jovian planets and moons for terrestrial planets are less than the moons for Jovian planets. Correct option is not given.

81. Neptune was the first planet discovered by using mathematical predictions. Hence, the correct option is d. theoretical predictions..

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