Objective Analyze the sediments of the World Ocean Explore the controlling facto

Question

Objective

Analyze the sediments of the World Ocean

Explore the controlling factors on the lithogenous, biogenous, chemical and cosmogenous sediment distribution in the world’s oceans, and link to the biologic, chemical, and physical ocean processes that contribute to these factors.

Task Questions

1. What are sediments? How are sediments formed?

2. What are sources of sediments? Make a list and give a brief description in your own words.

3. Examine the diagram above. Where do terrigenous sediments accumulate? Why do they accumulate here?

4. What happens to the size of sediment as you get farther away from the shoreline? Explain what is happening.

5. What are turbidites?

6. What is grading bedding?

7. How do turbidites produce grading bedding?

8. You are to collect a handful of the oldest biogenous sediment in the Atlantic Ocean. Where would you get it from? Explain why you selected these locations. (Hint: The mid-ocean ridge is a divergent boundary, which of which direction the plates would be moving.)

9. How might cores be obtained from below the seafloor? What types of technology might be necessary to accomplish this scientific task?

10. How would you go about finding and identifying cosmogenous sediment?

[Optional: Extra Credit] What was the name and latitude and longitude of the island you were stranded on at the beginning of the course? Would you expect there to be more biogenous sediment or abyssal clays on the ocean floor? Why?

Quiz Questions

11. What is the most abundant sediment by volume in oceans?
A. Lithogenous B. Cosmogenous C. Biogenous D. Hydrogenous

12. What is the most abundant sediment by surface area in oceans? (Hint: Consider how big the oceans are)
A. Lithogenous B. Cosmogenous C. Biogenous D. Hydrogenous

13. Which of the following choices is least abundant in oceans?
A. Lithogenous B. Cosmogenous C. Biogenous D. Hydrogenous

14. Which of the following choices includes calcareous and siliceous oozes?
A. Lithogenous B. Cosmogenous C. Biogenous D. Hydrogenous

15. Which of the following choices includes manganese nodules?
A. Lithogenous B. Cosmogenous C. Biogenous D. Hydrogenous

16. What are the most abundant sediment size deposits at Fort Lauderdale, FL Beach?
A. Gravel B. Sand C. Silt D. Mud

17. What are the most abundant sediment size deposits on the continental shelf?
A. Gravel B. Sand C. Silt D. Mud

18. What are the most abundant sediment size deposits in the great abyssal plains?
A. Gravel B. Sand C. Silt D. Mud

Explanation / Answer

1.

Sediments are the broken parts of the pre-existing rocks, which are formed by the process of weathering and erosion is known sediments.

2.

All the metamorphic and igneous rocks are sources for the sediments. These rocks get disintegrate over a long time into a number of smaller parts and forms sediments by the process of weathering. These sediments settle at a place by the process of erosion. During this process, wind, water, or ice acts as the erosional agents.

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